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Volume 13
Issue 22
10.3390/app132212303
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Article

Tracking Cerebral Microvascular and Metabolic Parameters during Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

by
Nima Khalifehsoltani
1,*,
Olivia Rennie
2,
Rohit Mohindra
3,4,
Steve Lin
5 and
Vladislav Toronov
1,*
1
Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
2
Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King’s College Cir., Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
3
Schwartz Reisman Emergency Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
4
North York General Hospital, 4001 Leslie St., Toronto, ON M2K 1E1, Canada
5
Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12303; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212303
Submission received: 26 September 2023 / Revised: 1 November 2023 / Accepted: 9 November 2023 / Published: 14 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Optics: From Methods to Applications)
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Abstract

Hemodynamic models provide a mathematical representation and computational framework that describe the changes in blood flow, blood volume, and oxygenation levels that occur in response to neural activity and systemic changes, while near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures deoxyhemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin, and other chromophores to analyze cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism. In this study, we apply a dynamic hemometabolic model to NIRS data acquired during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pigs. Our goals were to test the model’s ability to accurately describe the observed phenomena, to gain an understanding of the intricate behavior of cerebral microvasculature, and to compare the obtained parameters with known values. By employing the inverse of the hemometabolic model, we measured a range of significant physiological parameters, such as the rate of oxygen diffusion from blood to tissue, the arteriole and venule volume fractions, and the Fåhraeus factor. Statistical analysis uncovered significant differences in the baseline and post-cardiac arrest values of some of the parameters.
Keywords: near-infrared spectroscopy; NIRS; brain; neuronal activity; cardiac arrest; hemodynamic model; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CPR; hyperspectral near-infrared spectroscopy; microvasculature; hemodynamic model; hemometabolic model; laser Doppler flowmetry; diffuse correlation spectroscopy near-infrared spectroscopy; NIRS; brain; neuronal activity; cardiac arrest; hemodynamic model; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CPR; hyperspectral near-infrared spectroscopy; microvasculature; hemodynamic model; hemometabolic model; laser Doppler flowmetry; diffuse correlation spectroscopy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Khalifehsoltani, N.; Rennie, O.; Mohindra, R.; Lin, S.; Toronov, V. Tracking Cerebral Microvascular and Metabolic Parameters during Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 12303. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212303

AMA Style

Khalifehsoltani N, Rennie O, Mohindra R, Lin S, Toronov V. Tracking Cerebral Microvascular and Metabolic Parameters during Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(22):12303. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212303

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khalifehsoltani, Nima, Olivia Rennie, Rohit Mohindra, Steve Lin, and Vladislav Toronov. 2023. "Tracking Cerebral Microvascular and Metabolic Parameters during Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation" Applied Sciences 13, no. 22: 12303. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212303

APA Style

Khalifehsoltani, N., Rennie, O., Mohindra, R., Lin, S., & Toronov, V. (2023). Tracking Cerebral Microvascular and Metabolic Parameters during Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Applied Sciences, 13(22), 12303. https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212303

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