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Volume 13
Issue 10
10.3390/app13105980
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Review

Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed?

by
Cristina B. García
,
Julia Concha
,
Laura Culleré
,
Laura Lomba
,
Estela Sangüesa
* and
Mª Pilar Ribate
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autov. A-23 km 299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 5980; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105980
Submission received: 31 March 2023 / Revised: 5 May 2023 / Accepted: 11 May 2023 / Published: 12 May 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity of Chemicals: Evaluation, Analysis and Impact)
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As emerging therapeutic systems, the toxicity of THEDES at different levels should be assessed prior to using them clinically.

Abstract

Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems (THEDESs) are a mixture of components, including an active pharmaceutical ingredient, that have recently emerged because of their interesting properties for drug therapies. In general, they have been recognized to increase the solubility and permeability of some drugs, and consequently, their bioavailability. Moreover, they have also been used for novel formulations of pharmaceuticals. Despite the potential benefits of THEDESs, concerns about their safety and toxicity remain. In this review, we summarize previous studies that have investigated the toxicity of THEDESs. These studies evaluate the toxicity of THEDESs using various methods, including cell cultures, animal models, and human trials. The results of previous findings suggest that THEDESs are generally well-tolerated and have low toxicity. However, further research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of these systems on human health and to identify any potential adverse effects.
Keywords: eutectic; cytotoxicity; cell viability; gene expression; animal models; human therapeutics eutectic; cytotoxicity; cell viability; gene expression; animal models; human therapeutics

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MDPI and ACS Style

García, C.B.; Concha, J.; Culleré, L.; Lomba, L.; Sangüesa, E.; Ribate, M.P. Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed? Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105980

AMA Style

García CB, Concha J, Culleré L, Lomba L, Sangüesa E, Ribate MP. Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed? Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(10):5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105980

Chicago/Turabian Style

García, Cristina B., Julia Concha, Laura Culleré, Laura Lomba, Estela Sangüesa, and Mª Pilar Ribate. 2023. "Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed?" Applied Sciences 13, no. 10: 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105980

APA Style

García, C. B., Concha, J., Culleré, L., Lomba, L., Sangüesa, E., & Ribate, M. P. (2023). Has the Toxicity of Therapeutic Deep Eutectic Systems Been Assessed? Applied Sciences, 13(10), 5980. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13105980

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