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Applied Sciences
Volume 11
Issue 14
10.3390/app11146318
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Article

An In Vitro Study of Different Types of Greek Honey as Potential Natural Antimicrobials against Dental Caries and Other Oral Pathogenic Microorganisms. Case Study Simulation of Oral Cavity Conditions

by
Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou
1,*,
Maria Antoniadou
2,
Georgios Rozos
1,
Athanasios Alexopoulos
3,
Elpida Giorgi
4,
Athina Tzora
1,
Ioannis Skoufos
1,
Theodoros Varzakas
5 and
Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
4
1
Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece
2
School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
3
Laboratory of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Hygiene, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200 Orestiada, Greece
4
Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 67100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
5
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Monica Gallo and Wojciech Kolanowski
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(14), 6318; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146318
Received: 28 May 2021 / Revised: 5 July 2021 / Accepted: 6 July 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights in Oral Health and Diets)
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Abstract

To study the antibacterial effect of different Greek honeys, samples of citrus honey, Saturja spp. Honey, and oregano and sage honey were collected directly from producers. Manuka honey and artificial honey were used as controls. The honeys were diluted in various concentrations to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and were also placed in agar wells to determine the inhibitory zones of growth. The bacteria tested were two reference strains and five pathogens isolated from patients with various dental ailments. A series of samples were diluted with artificial saliva instead of distilled water to simulate the conditions in the oral cavity. The results show that in most cases the Greek honeys, and particularly the citrus honey and the oregano and sage honey, outperformed the antibacterial activity of manuka honey against all tested bacteria. This performance was due to the hydrogen peroxide as well as to other components of the honeys, that is, peptides and other substances such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Artificial saliva enhanced the antibacterial effect of the honeys in comparison to distilled water. View Full-Text
Keywords: honey; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; antibacterial activity; oral cavity; artificial saliva honey; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus mutans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; antibacterial activity; oral cavity; artificial saliva
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MDPI and ACS Style

Voidarou, C.; Antoniadou, M.; Rozos, G.; Alexopoulos, A.; Giorgi, E.; Tzora, A.; Skoufos, I.; Varzakas, T.; Bezirtzoglou, E. An In Vitro Study of Different Types of Greek Honey as Potential Natural Antimicrobials against Dental Caries and Other Oral Pathogenic Microorganisms. Case Study Simulation of Oral Cavity Conditions. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 6318. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146318

AMA Style

Voidarou C, Antoniadou M, Rozos G, Alexopoulos A, Giorgi E, Tzora A, Skoufos I, Varzakas T, Bezirtzoglou E. An In Vitro Study of Different Types of Greek Honey as Potential Natural Antimicrobials against Dental Caries and Other Oral Pathogenic Microorganisms. Case Study Simulation of Oral Cavity Conditions. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(14):6318. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146318

Chicago/Turabian Style

Voidarou, Chrysoula, Maria Antoniadou, Georgios Rozos, Athanasios Alexopoulos, Elpida Giorgi, Athina Tzora, Ioannis Skoufos, Theodoros Varzakas, and Eugenia Bezirtzoglou. 2021. "An In Vitro Study of Different Types of Greek Honey as Potential Natural Antimicrobials against Dental Caries and Other Oral Pathogenic Microorganisms. Case Study Simulation of Oral Cavity Conditions" Applied Sciences 11, no. 14: 6318. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146318

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