Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste

Sáez del Bosque, Isabel Fuencisla; Sánchez de Rojas, María Isabel; Medina, Gabriel; Barcala, Sara; Medina, César

doi:10.3390/app11135977

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste

by

Isabel Fuencisla Sáez del Bosque

¹,

María Isabel Sánchez de Rojas

^2,3

,

Gabriel Medina

⁴,

Sara Barcala

³ and

César Medina

^1,3,*

¹

Department of Construction, School of Engineering, Institute for Sustainable Regional Development (INTERRA), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

²

Departamento de Cementos y Reciclado de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja (IETcc-CSIC), c/Serrano Galvache, 28033 Madrid, Spain

³

Sostenibilidad en Materiales de Construcción, Universidad de Extremadura, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

⁴

Departamento Ingenierías Mecánica, Informática y Aeroespacial, Escuela de Ingenierías Industrial e Informática, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, s/n, 24071 León, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5977; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135977

Submission received: 1 June 2021 / Revised: 18 June 2021 / Accepted: 25 June 2021 / Published: 27 June 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eco-Performance of Alternative Binder Systems)

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Abstract

Cement-based materials decay with exposure to aggressive agents, a development that raises infrastructure operation and maintenance costs substantially. This paper analyses the inclusion of ultrafine construction and demolition (U_C&DW) and biomass-fuelled power plant (BA) waste as pozzolanic additions to cement in pursuit of more sustainable and eco-respectful binders and assesses the durability of the end materials when exposed to seawater, chlorides (0.5 M NaCl) or sulphates (0.3 M Na₂SO₄). The effect of adding silica fume (SF) at a replacement ratio of 5% was also analysed. Durability was determined using the methodology proposed by Koch and Steinegger, whilst microstructural changes were monitored with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for a fuller understanding of decay processes. According to the findings, the new blended cements containing 20%U_C&DW + 10%BA or 20%U_C&DW + 20%BA + 5%SF resist the attack by the aggressive media studied, with a 56-d corrosion index of over 0.7. The composition of the reaction products generated with the attack is essentially the same in OPC and the SCM-bearing materials. The results show that the optimal replacement ratio for SCM is 30%.

Keywords: biomass ash; construction and demolition waste; supplementary cementitious materials; corrosion index; cement pastes; durability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sáez del Bosque, I.F.; Sánchez de Rojas, M.I.; Medina, G.; Barcala, S.; Medina, C. Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 5977. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135977

AMA Style

Sáez del Bosque IF, Sánchez de Rojas MI, Medina G, Barcala S, Medina C. Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(13):5977. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135977

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sáez del Bosque, Isabel Fuencisla, María Isabel Sánchez de Rojas, Gabriel Medina, Sara Barcala, and César Medina. 2021. "Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste" Applied Sciences 11, no. 13: 5977. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135977

APA Style

Sáez del Bosque, I. F., Sánchez de Rojas, M. I., Medina, G., Barcala, S., & Medina, C. (2021). Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste. Applied Sciences, 11(13), 5977. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135977

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Durability of Ternary Cements Based on New Supplementary Cementitious Materials from Industrial Waste

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