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Applied Sciences
Volume 11
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10.3390/app11010163
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Article

A Simultaneous Conversion and Extraction of Furfural from Pentose in Dilute Acid Hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica Using an Aqueous Biphasic System

by
Jong-Hwa Kim
1,
Seong-Min Cho
1,
June-Ho Choi
1,
Hanseob Jeong
2,
Soo Min Lee
2,
Bonwook Koo
3,* and
In-Gyu Choi
4,5,*
1
Department of Forest Sciences College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
2
Wood Chemistry Division, Forest Products Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea
3
Green and Sustainable Materials R & D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea
4
Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
5
Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010163
Submission received: 29 October 2020 / Revised: 17 December 2020 / Accepted: 23 December 2020 / Published: 26 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biorefinery: Current Status, Challenges, and New Strategies)
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Abstract

This study optimizes furfural production from pentose released in the liquid hydrolysate of hardwood using an aqueous biphasic system. Dilute acid pretreatment with 4% sulfuric acid was conducted to extract pentose from liquid Quercus mongolica hydrolysate. To produce furfural from xylose, a xylose standard solution with the same acid concentration of the liquid hydrolysate and extracting solvent (tetrahydrofuran) were applied to the aqueous biphasic system. A response surface methodology was adopted to optimize furfural production in the aqueous biphasic system. A maximum furfural yield of 72.39% was achieved at optimal conditions as per the RSM; a reaction temperature of 170 °C, reaction time of 120 min, and a xylose concentration of 10 g/L. Tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and dimethyl sulfoxide were evaluated to understand the effects of the solvent on furfural production. Tetrahydrofuran generated the highest furfural yield, while DMSO gave the lowest yield. A furfural yield of 68.20% from pentose was achieved in the liquid hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica under optimal conditions using tetrahydrofuran as the extracting solvent. The aqueous and tetrahydrofuran fractions were separated from the aqueous biphasic solvent by salting out using sodium chloride, and 94.63% of the furfural produced was drawn out through two extractions using tetrahydrofuran.
Keywords: aqueous biphasic system; dilute acid hydrolysate; furfural production; solvent extraction; response surface methodology aqueous biphasic system; dilute acid hydrolysate; furfural production; solvent extraction; response surface methodology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kim, J.-H.; Cho, S.-M.; Choi, J.-H.; Jeong, H.; Lee, S.M.; Koo, B.; Choi, I.-G. A Simultaneous Conversion and Extraction of Furfural from Pentose in Dilute Acid Hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica Using an Aqueous Biphasic System. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010163

AMA Style

Kim J-H, Cho S-M, Choi J-H, Jeong H, Lee SM, Koo B, Choi I-G. A Simultaneous Conversion and Extraction of Furfural from Pentose in Dilute Acid Hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica Using an Aqueous Biphasic System. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(1):163. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010163

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kim, Jong-Hwa, Seong-Min Cho, June-Ho Choi, Hanseob Jeong, Soo Min Lee, Bonwook Koo, and In-Gyu Choi. 2021. "A Simultaneous Conversion and Extraction of Furfural from Pentose in Dilute Acid Hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica Using an Aqueous Biphasic System" Applied Sciences 11, no. 1: 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010163

APA Style

Kim, J.-H., Cho, S.-M., Choi, J.-H., Jeong, H., Lee, S. M., Koo, B., & Choi, I.-G. (2021). A Simultaneous Conversion and Extraction of Furfural from Pentose in Dilute Acid Hydrolysate of Quercus mongolica Using an Aqueous Biphasic System. Applied Sciences, 11(1), 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010163

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