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Article

Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility

by
Wen-Chien Lan
1,2,†,
Chia-Hsien Wang
3,†,
Bai-Hung Huang
2,4,5,
Yen-Chun Cho
6,
Takashi Saito
7,
Chien-Chia Huang
7 and
Mao-Suan Huang
8,9,*
1
Department of Oral Hygiene Care, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 203, Taiwan
2
Biomedical Technology R & D Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
3
Division of Family and Operative Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
4
Asia Pacific Laser Institute, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
5
Implant Academy of Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Taipei 106, Taiwan
6
School of Dentistry, Ceu Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia 46115, Spain
7
Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
8
Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
9
School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Co-first author: Chia-Hsien Wang.
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(4), 1363; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041363
Submission received: 12 November 2019 / Revised: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 February 2020 / Published: 17 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of the Biocomposite Materials on Bone Reconstruction)
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Abstract

The effects of the nano-titanium hydrides (nano-γ-TiH) phase on the formation of nanoporous Ti oxide layer by the potential approach (hydrogen fluoride (HF) pretreatment and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) anodization) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The nano-γ-TiH phase was formed by the HF pretreatment with various current densities. After the NaOH anodization, the nano-γ-TiH phase was dissolved and transformed into nanoporous rutile-Ti dioxide (R-TiO2). As the Ti underwent HF pretreatment and NaOH anodization, the microstructure on the surface layer was transformed from α-Ti → (α-Ti + nano-γ-TiH) → (α-Ti + R-TiO2). In-vitro biocompatibility also indicated that the Ti with a hierarchical porous (micro and nanoporous) TiO2 surface possessed great potential to enhance cell adhesion ability. Thus, the potential approach can be utilized to fabricate a promising hierarchical porous surface on the Ti implant for promoting biocompatibility.
Keywords: titanium oxide; titanium hydride; anodization; biocompatibility titanium oxide; titanium hydride; anodization; biocompatibility

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lan, W.-C.; Wang, C.-H.; Huang, B.-H.; Cho, Y.-C.; Saito, T.; Huang, C.-C.; Huang, M.-S. Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 1363. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041363

AMA Style

Lan W-C, Wang C-H, Huang B-H, Cho Y-C, Saito T, Huang C-C, Huang M-S. Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10(4):1363. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041363

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lan, Wen-Chien, Chia-Hsien Wang, Bai-Hung Huang, Yen-Chun Cho, Takashi Saito, Chien-Chia Huang, and Mao-Suan Huang. 2020. "Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility" Applied Sciences 10, no. 4: 1363. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041363

APA Style

Lan, W.-C., Wang, C.-H., Huang, B.-H., Cho, Y.-C., Saito, T., Huang, C.-C., & Huang, M.-S. (2020). Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility. Applied Sciences, 10(4), 1363. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041363

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