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Volume 9
Issue 6
10.3390/ani9060386
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Article

Characterization of the Normal Portal and Hepatic Blood Flow of Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows

by
J. Daniel Barreiro-Vázquez
1,2,
Marta Miranda
1,2,*,
M. Isabel Barreiro-Vilanova
2,3,
F. Javier Diéguez
1 and
Andrés Barreiro-Lois
1,2
1
Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
2
Veterinary Teaching Hospital “Rof-Codina”, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
3
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Animals 2019, 9(6), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060386
Submission received: 21 March 2019 / Revised: 14 June 2019 / Accepted: 19 June 2019 / Published: 22 June 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Cattle)
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Abstract

In the past, hepatic blood flow in cows was invasively characterized to investigate different pathologies and physiological conditions. However, hepatic blood flow can be easily evaluated with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound. Sixteen healthy adult non-lactating, non-pregnant Holstein-Friesian cows were examined using B-mode and Doppler ultrasound between the right flank and 9th intercostal space to establish the best approach to the different parts of the portal and hepatic vein systems, and determine normal blood flow characteristics. The main portal vein was characterized by a turbulent, high-velocity flow due to the opposing confluence of the splenic and cranial mesenteric veins, while hepatic and caudal vena cava veins have laminar blood flow, in which the phasicity is considered mainly respiratory in origin. Reference values were determined in relation to the anatomical point of observation. In conclusion, transabdominal Doppler ultrasound of the portal system is a simple technique that allows non-invasive characterization of portal and hepatic blood haemodynamics in cows.
Keywords: Doppler ultrasound; cow; portal flow; hepatic flow; portal vein; caudal vena cava Doppler ultrasound; cow; portal flow; hepatic flow; portal vein; caudal vena cava

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MDPI and ACS Style

Barreiro-Vázquez, J.D.; Miranda, M.; Barreiro-Vilanova, M.I.; Diéguez, F.J.; Barreiro-Lois, A. Characterization of the Normal Portal and Hepatic Blood Flow of Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows. Animals 2019, 9, 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060386

AMA Style

Barreiro-Vázquez JD, Miranda M, Barreiro-Vilanova MI, Diéguez FJ, Barreiro-Lois A. Characterization of the Normal Portal and Hepatic Blood Flow of Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows. Animals. 2019; 9(6):386. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060386

Chicago/Turabian Style

Barreiro-Vázquez, J. Daniel, Marta Miranda, M. Isabel Barreiro-Vilanova, F. Javier Diéguez, and Andrés Barreiro-Lois. 2019. "Characterization of the Normal Portal and Hepatic Blood Flow of Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows" Animals 9, no. 6: 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060386

APA Style

Barreiro-Vázquez, J. D., Miranda, M., Barreiro-Vilanova, M. I., Diéguez, F. J., & Barreiro-Lois, A. (2019). Characterization of the Normal Portal and Hepatic Blood Flow of Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows. Animals, 9(6), 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9060386

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