High Fiber Cakes from Mediterranean Multipurpose Oilseeds as Protein Sources for Ruminants
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Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
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Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
3
Research and Development RUM & N Sas, via Sant’Ambrogio 4/A, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
4
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Animals 2019, 9(11), 918; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110918
Received: 14 September 2019
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Revised: 31 October 2019
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Accepted: 1 November 2019
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Published: 4 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Collection Use of Agricultural By-Products in Animal Feeding)
Simple Summary
Recovery and valorization of residues are key factors for agro-industry to progress towards circular-economy models and more sustainable productions. In the vegetable oils industry, large quantities of spent seed cakes are produced downstream of the oil extraction processes, and their use as animal feedstuffs, mainly as protein supplements for ruminants, is a possible valorization strategy. In this study, we analyzed chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of spent cakes from sunflower, pomegranate, cardoon, tobacco and hemp that are multipurpose cultures emerging in Mediterranean area. The results showed that the cakes of tobacco, cardoon and hemp might be interesting alternative protein feeds for ruminants. The valorization of these cakes may potentially improve economic and environmental sustainability of the emerging vegetable-oil production chains.
Fifteen oilseed cakes from sunflower, pomegranate, cardoon, tobacco and hemp were characterized with regard to chemical composition, Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) fractionation, in vitro digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and crude protein. All the cakes presented low moisture, rather variable ether extract contents and medium to high levels of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber. The cakes significantly differed in terms of CNCPS partitioning and in vitro digestibility. Tobacco and hemp cakes presented high contents of slow degradable fractions of crude protein and carbohydrate joined to good post-ruminal protein digestibility. Cardoon cakes presented the highest rumen protein degradability. Based on crude protein content and intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein, cakes of tobacco and hemp showed the better potential as alternative protein supplements for ruminants, while pomegranate appears to be the least suitable for ruminant feeding.
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Keywords:
multipurpose oilseed cake; CNCPS fractions; in vitro rumen degradability; rumen bypass protein; sunflower; pomegranate; cardoon; tobacco; hemp
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MDPI and ACS Style
Serrapica, F.; Masucci, F.; Raffrenato, E.; Sannino, M.; Vastolo, A.; Barone, C.M.A.; Di Francia, A. High Fiber Cakes from Mediterranean Multipurpose Oilseeds as Protein Sources for Ruminants. Animals 2019, 9, 918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110918
AMA Style
Serrapica F, Masucci F, Raffrenato E, Sannino M, Vastolo A, Barone CMA, Di Francia A. High Fiber Cakes from Mediterranean Multipurpose Oilseeds as Protein Sources for Ruminants. Animals. 2019; 9(11):918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110918
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerrapica, Francesco, Felicia Masucci, Emiliano Raffrenato, Maura Sannino, Alessandro Vastolo, Carmela M.A. Barone, and Antonio Di Francia. 2019. "High Fiber Cakes from Mediterranean Multipurpose Oilseeds as Protein Sources for Ruminants" Animals 9, no. 11: 918. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9110918
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