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Pathogens
Volume 9
Issue 5
10.3390/pathogens9050356
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Concept Paper

Genomics and High-Resolution Typing Confirm Predominant Clonal Evolution Down to a Microevolutionary Scale in Trypanosoma cruzi

by
Michel Tibayrenc
1,* and
Francisco J. Ayala
2
1
Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, MIVEGEC (IRD 224-CNRS 5290-UM1-UM2), Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, BP 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
2
Catedra Francisco Jose Ayala of Science, Technology, and Religion, University of Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2020, 9(5), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050356
Submission received: 23 March 2020 / Revised: 7 May 2020 / Accepted: 7 May 2020 / Published: 8 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinetoplastid Phylogenomics and Evolution)
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Abstract

Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, is a paradigmatic case of the predominant clonal evolution (PCE) model, which states that the impact of genetic recombination in pathogens’ natural populations is not sufficient to suppress a persistent phylogenetic signal at all evolutionary scales. In spite of indications for occasional recombination and meiosis, recent genomics and high-resolution typing data in T. cruzi reject the counterproposal that PCE does not operate at lower evolutionary scales, within the evolutionary units (=near-clades) that subdivide the species. Evolutionary patterns in the agent of Chagas disease at micro- and macroevolutionary scales are strikingly similar (“Russian doll pattern”), suggesting gradual, rather than saltatory evolution.
Keywords: Chagas disease; parasitic protozoa; clonality threshold; genetic recombination; phylogenetic signal; Russian doll pattern Chagas disease; parasitic protozoa; clonality threshold; genetic recombination; phylogenetic signal; Russian doll pattern

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tibayrenc, M.; Ayala, F.J. Genomics and High-Resolution Typing Confirm Predominant Clonal Evolution Down to a Microevolutionary Scale in Trypanosoma cruzi. Pathogens 2020, 9, 356. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050356

AMA Style

Tibayrenc M, Ayala FJ. Genomics and High-Resolution Typing Confirm Predominant Clonal Evolution Down to a Microevolutionary Scale in Trypanosoma cruzi. Pathogens. 2020; 9(5):356. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050356

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tibayrenc, Michel, and Francisco J. Ayala. 2020. "Genomics and High-Resolution Typing Confirm Predominant Clonal Evolution Down to a Microevolutionary Scale in Trypanosoma cruzi" Pathogens 9, no. 5: 356. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050356

APA Style

Tibayrenc, M., & Ayala, F. J. (2020). Genomics and High-Resolution Typing Confirm Predominant Clonal Evolution Down to a Microevolutionary Scale in Trypanosoma cruzi. Pathogens, 9(5), 356. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9050356

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