Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy
Abstract
:1. Triatominae: The Vectors of Chagas Disease
2. Applications and Limitations of Triatominae Taxonomic Studies
2.1. Classical Taxonomy
2.2. Molecular Taxonomy
2.3. Integrative Taxonomy
3. Overview of Tools Applied to Taxonomic Studies of Triatomines
3.1. Morphology and Comparative Morphology
3.2. Morphometry
3.3. Chemotaxonomy
3.4. Cytotaxonomy and Karyosystematic
3.5. MALDI-TOF MS
3.6. Omics
4. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tribe | Genus | Species (n) |
---|---|---|
Alberproseniini | Alberprosenia | 2 |
Bolboderini | Belminus | 9 |
Bolbodera | 1 | |
Microtriatoma | 2 | |
Parabelminus | 2 | |
Cavernicolini | Cavernicola | 2 |
Rhodniini | Psammolestes | 3 |
Rhodnius | 21 | |
Triatomini | Dipetalogaster | 1 |
Eratyrus | 2 | |
Hermanlentia | 1 | |
Linshcosteus | 6 | |
Mepraia | 3 | |
Nesotriatoma | 3 | |
Panstrongylus | 15 | |
Paratriatoma | 2 | |
Triatoma | 81 | |
Paleotriatoma | 1 | |
Total | 157 |
Species | Morphology and Morphometry | Chemotaxonomy | Cytotaxonomy | Experimental Crosses | Phylogenetic Systematics and Molecular Taxonomy | Taxonomy | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer, 1773) | X | Classical taxonomy | De Geer [8] | ||||
2 | Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) | X | Classical taxonomy | Latreille [21] | ||||
3 | Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811) | X | Classical taxonomy | Latreille [21] | ||||
4 | Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834) | X | Classical taxonomy | Klug [22] | ||||
5 | Triatoma phyllosomus (Burmeister, 1835) | X | Classical taxonomy | Burmeister [23] | ||||
6 | Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) | X | Classical taxonomy | Burmeister [23] | ||||
7 | Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard, 1846) | X | Classical taxonomy | Blanchard [24] | ||||
8 | Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) | X | Classical taxonomy | Erichson [25] | ||||
9 | Triatoma mexicana (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1848) | X | Classical taxonomy | Herrich-Schaeffer [26] | ||||
10 | Triatoma sanguisuga (Leconte, 1855) | X | Classical taxonomy | Leconte [27] | ||||
11 | Belminus rugulosus (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
12 | Eratyruscuspidatus (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
13 | Eratyrusmucronatus (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
14 | Rhodnius nasutus (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
15 | Rhodnius prolixus (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
16 | Triatoma circummaculata (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
17 | Triatoma gerstaeckeri (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
18 | Paratriatoma lecticularia (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
19 | Triatoma sordida (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
20 | Triatoma vitticeps (Stål, 1859) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [28] | ||||
21 | Triatoma recurva (Stål, 1868) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [29] | ||||
22 | Triatoma venosa (Stål, 1872) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [30] | ||||
23 | Triatoma pallidipennis (Stål, 1872) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [30] | ||||
24 | Rhodnius pictipes (Stål, 1872) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [30] | ||||
25 | Triatoma nigromaculata (Stål, 1872) | X | Classical taxonomy | Stål [30] | ||||
26 | Panstrongylus lignarius (Walker, 1873) | X | Classical taxonomy | Walker [31] | ||||
27 | Panstrongylus guentheri (Berg, 1879) | X | Classical taxonomy | Berg [32] | ||||
28 | Triatoma rubida (Uhler, 1894) | X | Classical taxonomy | Uhler [33] | ||||
29 | Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler, 1894) | X | Classical taxonomy | Uhler [33] | ||||
30 | Triatoma protracta (Uhler, 1894) | X | Classical taxonomy | Uhler [33] | ||||
31 | Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899) | X | Classical taxonomy | Champion [34] | ||||
32 | Triatoma migrans (Breddin, 1903) | X | Classical taxonomy | Breddin [35] | ||||
33 | Linshcosteuscarnifex (Distant, 1904) | X | Classical taxonomy | Distant [36] | ||||
34 | Bolbodera scabrosa (Valdés, 1910) | X | Classical taxonomy | Valdés [37] | ||||
35 | Nesotriatoma flavida (Neiva, 1911) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [38] | ||||
36 | Psammolestes coreodes (Bergroth, 1911) | X | Classical taxonomy | Bergroth [39] | ||||
37 | Panstrongylus howardi (Neiva, 1911) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [40] | ||||
38 | Triatoma brasiliensis (Neiva, 1911) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [41] | ||||
39 | Triatoma neotomae (Neiva, 1911) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [42] | ||||
40 | Triatoma indictiva (Neiva, 1912) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [43] | ||||
41 | Triatoma platensis (Neiva, 1913) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva [44] | ||||
42 | Rhodnius brethesi (Matta, 1919) | X | Classical taxonomy | Matta [45] | ||||
43 | Panstrongylus lutzi (Neiva & Pinto, 1923) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva and Pinto [46] | ||||
44 | Rhodnius domesticus (Neiva & Pinto, 1923) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva and Pinto [47] | ||||
45 | Triatoma melanocephala (Neiva & Pinto, 1923) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva and Pinto [48] | ||||
46 | Triatoma bouvieri (Larrousse, 1924) | X | Classical taxonomy | Larrousse [49] | ||||
47 | Triatoma petrocchiae (Pinto & Barreto, 1925) | X | Classical taxonomy | Pinto and Barreto [50] | ||||
48 | Psammolestes arthuri (Pinto, 1926) | X | Classical taxonomy | Pinto [51] | ||||
49 | Triatoma carrioni (Larrousse, 1926) | X | Classical taxonomy | Larrousse [52] | ||||
50 | Triatoma tibiamaculata (Pinto, 1926) | X | Classical taxonomy | Pinto [53] | ||||
51 | Rhodnius robustus (Larrousse, 1927) | X | Classical taxonomy | Larrousse [54] | ||||
52 | Panstrongylus chinai (Del Ponte, 1929) | X | Classical taxonomy | Del Ponte [55] | ||||
53 | Triatoma breyeri (Del Ponte, 1929) | X | Classical taxonomy | Del Ponte [55] | ||||
54 | Triatoma eratyrusiformis (Del Ponte, 1929) | X | Classical taxonomy | Del Ponte [55] | ||||
55 | Triatoma limai (Del Ponte, 1929) | X | Classical taxonomy | Del Ponte [55] | ||||
56 | Triatoma patagonica (Del Ponte, 1929) | X | Classical taxonomy | Del Ponte [55] | ||||
57 | Rhodnius pallescens (Barber, 1932) | X | Classical taxonomy | Barber [56] | ||||
58 | Triatoma leopoldi (Schoudeten, 1933) | X | Classical taxonomy | Schoudeten [57] | ||||
59 | Mepraia spinolai (Porter, 1934) | X | Classical taxonomy | Porter [58] | ||||
60 | Cavernicola pilosa (Barber, 1937) | X | Classical taxonomy | Barber [59] | ||||
61 | Paratriatoma hirsuta (Barber, 1938) | X | Classical taxonomy | Barber [60] | ||||
62 | Triatoma longipennis (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
63 | Triatoma picturatus (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
64 | Panstrongylus humeralis (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
65 | Triatoma barberi (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
66 | Triatoma incrassata (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
67 | Triatoma nitida (Usinger, 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [61] | ||||
68 | Triatoma oliveirai (Neiva et al., 1939) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva et al. [62] | ||||
69 | Triatoma arthurneivai (Lent & Martins, 1940) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Martins [63] | ||||
70 | Triatoma hegneri (Mazzotti, 1940) | X | Classical taxonomy | Mazzotti [64] | ||||
71 | Triatoma peninsularis (Usinger, 1940) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [65] | ||||
72 | Triatoma mazzottii (Usinger, 1941) | X | Classical taxonomy | Usinger [66] | ||||
73 | Triatoma melanica (Neiva & Lent, 1941) | X | Classical taxonomy | Neiva and Lent [67] | ||||
74 | Panstrongylus tupynambai (Lent, 1942) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [68] | ||||
75 | Parabelminus carioca (Lent, 1943) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [69] | ||||
76 | Panstrongylus diasi (Pinto & Lent, 1946) | X | Classical taxonomy | Pinto and Lent [70] | ||||
77 | Triatoma delpontei (Romaña & Abalos, 1947) | X | Classical taxonomy | Romaña and Abalos [71] | ||||
78 | Triatoma guasayana (Wygodzinsky & Abalos, 1949) | X | Classical taxonomy | Wygodzinsky and Abalos [72] | ||||
79 | Triatoma dispar (Lent, 1950) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [73] | ||||
80 | Triatoma wygodzinskyi (Lent, 1951a) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [74] | ||||
81 | Microtriatoma trinidadensis (Lent, 1951b) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [75] | ||||
82 | Triatoma amicitiae (Lent, 1951c) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [76] | ||||
83 | Rhodnius neivai (Lent, 1953) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [77] | ||||
84 | Triatoma matogrossensis (Leite & Barbosa, 1953) | X | Classical taxonomy | Leite and Barbosa [78] | ||||
85 | Triatoma pugasi (Lent, 1953b) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [79] | ||||
86 | Rhodnius neglectus (Lent, 1954) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent [80] | ||||
87 | Belminus costaricencis (Herrer et al., 1954) | X | Classical taxonomy | Herrer et al. [81] | ||||
88 | Belminus peruvianus (Herrer et al., 1954) | X | Classical taxonomy | Herrer et al. [81] | ||||
89 | Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Lent & León, 1958) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and León [82] | ||||
90 | Triatoma costalimai (Verano & Galvão, 1958) | X | Classical taxonomy | Verano and Galvão [83] | ||||
91 | Nesotriatoma obscura (Maldonado & Farr, 1962) | X | Classical taxonomy | Maldonado and Farr [84] | ||||
92 | Triatoma sinaloensis (Ryckman, 1962) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ryckman [85] | ||||
93 | Triatoma pseudomaculata (Corrêa & Espínola, 1964) | X | Classical taxonomy | Corrêa and Espínola [86] | ||||
94 | Psammolestes tertius (Lent & Jurberg, 1965) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Jurberg [87] | ||||
95 | Triatoma sinica (Hsiao, 1965) | X | Classical taxonomy | Hsiao [88] | ||||
96 | Triatoma williami (Galvão et al., 1965) | X | Classical taxonomy | Galvão et al. [89] | ||||
97 | Triatoma bahiensis (Sherlock & Serafim, 1967) | X | Classical taxonomy | Sherlock and Serafim [90] | ||||
98 | Triatoma deaneorum (Galvão et al., 1967) | X | Classical taxonomy | Galvão et al. [91] | ||||
99 | Triatoma garciabesi (Carcavallo et al., 1967) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo et al. [92] | ||||
100 | Triatoma lenti (Sherlock & Serafim, 1967) | X | Classical taxonomy | Sherlock and Serafim [90] | ||||
101 | Panstrongylus lenti (Galvão & Palma, 1968) | X | Classical taxonomy | Galvão and Palma [93] | ||||
102 | Triatoma ryckmani (Zeledón & Ponce, 1972) | X | Classical taxonomy | Zeledón and Ponce [94] | ||||
103 | Rhodnius amazonicus (Almeida et al., 1973) | X | Classical taxonomy | Almeida et al. [95] | ||||
104 | Linshcosteusconfumus (Ghauri, 1976) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ghauri [96] | ||||
105 | Linshcosteuscostalis (Ghauri, 1976) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ghauri [96] | ||||
106 | Rhodnius dalessandroi (Carcavallo & Barreto, 1976) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo and Barreto [97] | ||||
107 | Alberproseniagoyovargasi (Martínez & Carcavallo, 1977) | X | Classical taxonomy | Martínez and Carcavallo [98] | ||||
108 | Rhodnius paraensis (Sherlock et al., 1977) | X | Classical taxonomy | Sherlock et al. [99] | ||||
109 | Triatoma cavernicola (Else & Cheong, 1977) | X | Classical taxonomy | Else et al. [100] | ||||
110 | Belminus herreri (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
111 | Linshcosteuschota (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
112 | Linshcosteuskali (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
113 | Microtriatoma borbai (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
114 | Parabelminus yurupucu (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
115 | Triatoma guazu (Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent and Wygodzinsky [101] | ||||
116 | Alberproseniamalheiroi (Serra et al., 1980) | X | Classical taxonomy | Serra et al. [102] | ||||
117 | Triatoma brailovskyi (Martínez et al., 1984) | X | Classical taxonomy | Martínez et al. [103] | ||||
118 | Cavernicola lenti (Barrett & Arias, 1985) | X | Classical taxonomy | Barrett and Arias [104] | ||||
119 | Triatoma bolivari (Carcavallo et al., 1987) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo et al. [105] | ||||
120 | Hermanlentia matsunoi (Fernández-Loayza, 1989) | X | Classical taxonomy | Fernández-Loayza [106] | ||||
121 | Rhodnius stali (Lent et al., 1993) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent et al. [107] | ||||
122 | Belminus pittieri (Osuna & Ayala, 1993) | X | Classical taxonomy | Osuna and Ayala [108] | ||||
123 | Triatoma gomeznunezi (Martínez et al., 1994) | X | Classical taxonomy | Martínez et al. [109] | ||||
124 | Belminus laportei (Lent et al., 1995) | X | Classical taxonomy | Lent et al. [110] | ||||
125 | Mepraia gajardoi (Frias et al., 1998) | X | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Frias et al. [111] | ||
126 | Triatoma carcavalloi (Jurberg et al., 1998) | X | Classical taxonomy | Jurberg et al. [112] | ||||
127 | Triatoma jurbergi (Carcavallo et al., 1998) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo et al. [113] | ||||
128 | Triatoma bassolsae (Alejandre Aguilar et al., 1999) | X | Classical taxonomy | Aguilar et al. [114] | ||||
129 | Rhodnius colombiensis (Mejia et al., 1999) | X | Classical taxonomy | Mejia et al. [115] | ||||
130 | Triatoma baratai (Carcavallo & Jurberg, 2000) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo and Jurberg [116] | ||||
131 | Rhodnius milesi (Carcavallo et al., 2001) | X | Classical taxonomy | Valente et al. [117] | ||||
132 | Triatoma klugi (Carcavallo et al., 2001) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo et al. [118] | ||||
133 | Linshcosteuskarupus (Galvão et al., 2002) | X | Classical taxonomy | Galvão et al. [119] | ||||
134 | Triatoma sherlocki (Papa et al., 2002) | X | Classical taxonomy | Papa et al. [120] | ||||
135 | Triatoma vandae (Carcavallo et al., 2002) | X | Classical taxonomy | Carcavallo [121] | ||||
136 | Triatoma dominicana (Ponair Jr., 2005) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ponair Jr. [122] | ||||
137 | Belminus corredori (Galvão & Angulo, 2006) | X | Classical taxonomy | Galvão and Ângulo [123] | ||||
138 | Belminus ferroae (Sandoval et al., 2007) | X | Classical taxonomy | Sandoval et al. [124] | ||||
139 | Panstrongylus mitarakaensis (Bérenger & Blanchet, 2007) | X | Classical taxonomy | Bérenger and Blanchet [125] | ||||
140 | Triatoma boliviana (Martinez et al., 2007) | X | Classical taxonomy | Martinez et al. [126] | ||||
141 | Triatoma juazeirensis (Costa & Felix, 2007) | X | Classical taxonomy | Costa and Felix [127] | ||||
142 | Panstrongylus martinezorum (Ayala, 2009) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ayala [128] | ||||
143 | Rhodnius zeledoni (Jurberg et al., 2009) | X | Classical taxonomy | Jurberg et al. [129] | ||||
144 | Mepraia parapatrica (Frías-Lasserre, 2010) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Frías-Lasserre [12] | |||
145 | Rhodnius montenegrensis (Rosa et al., 2012) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Rosa et al. [13] | |||
146 | Panstrongylus hispaniolae (Ponair Jr., 2013) | X | Classical taxonomy | Ponair Jr. [130] | ||||
147 | Rhodnius barretti (Abad-Franch et al., 2013) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Abad-Franch et al. [14] | |||
148 | Triatoma jatai (Gonçalves et al., 2013) | X | Classical taxonomy | Gonçalves et al. [131] | ||||
149 | Triatoma pintodiasi (Jurberg et al., 2013) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Jurberg et al. [11] | |||
150 | Rhodnius marabaensis (Souza et al., 2017) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Souza et al. [15] | |||
151 | Nesotriatoma confusa (Oliveira et al., 2018) | X | Classical taxonomy | Oliveira et al. [132] | ||||
152 | Triatoma mopan (Dorn et al., 2018) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Dorn et al. [16] | |||
153 | Paleotriatoma metaxytaxa (Poinar Jr., 2019 ) | X | Classical taxonomy | Poinar Jr. [133] | ||||
154 | Triatoma huehuetenanguensis (Lima-Cordon et al., 2019) | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Lima-Cordon et al. [17] | |||
155 | Triatoma rosai (Alevi et al., 2020) | X | X | X | X | X | Integrative taxonomy | Alevi et al. [5] |
156 | Rhodnius micki (Zhao et al., 2021) | X | Classical taxonomy | Zhao et al. [6] | ||||
157 | Belminus santosmalletae (Dale et al., 2021) | X | Classical taxonomy | Dale et al. [7] |
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Alevi, K.C.C.; de Oliveira, J.; da Silva Rocha, D.; Galvão, C. Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy. Pathogens 2021, 10, 1627. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121627
Alevi KCC, de Oliveira J, da Silva Rocha D, Galvão C. Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy. Pathogens. 2021; 10(12):1627. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121627
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlevi, Kaio Cesar Chaboli, Jader de Oliveira, Dayse da Silva Rocha, and Cleber Galvão. 2021. "Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy" Pathogens 10, no. 12: 1627. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121627
APA StyleAlevi, K. C. C., de Oliveira, J., da Silva Rocha, D., & Galvão, C. (2021). Trends in Taxonomy of Chagas Disease Vectors (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): From Linnaean to Integrative Taxonomy. Pathogens, 10(12), 1627. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121627