Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Latticed Columns with Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. FE Model
2.1. Specimen Design
2.2. FEM Approach and Boundary Constraints
2.3. Material Constitutive Model
2.3.1. Concrete
2.3.2. Steel
3. Validation of the FE Model
4. Simulation Results and Analytical Assessment
4.1. Failure Modes
4.2. Parameter Analysis
4.2.1. Eccentricity
4.2.2. Strength of Concrete
4.2.3. Strength of Steel Tube
4.2.4. Waveform of Corrugated Plate
5. Bearing Capacity Calculation Method
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- Under eccentric loading, the latticed column exhibits typical bending failure characteristics, and the corrugated steel plate demonstrates a notable restraining effect under eccentric loading. The arrangement of diagonal lacing tubes optimizes the load distribution and enhances the overall bending resistance.
- (2)
- Increasing eccentricity ratios induce a pronounced bending deformation and asymmetric stress/strain distribution. The results demonstrate up to a 41.8% reduction in load capacity but a 50.6% improvement in ductility. This behavior stems from eccentric loading limiting tensile area contributions while promoting compressive stress redistribution, with ductility gains ceasing beyond 350 mm of eccentricity.
- (3)
- Higher steel strength enhances the stress redistribution in both tension and compression areas, increasing load capacity by 28.6% and ductility by 14.5%. Higher concrete strength increases the bearing capacity of the specimen, but decreases the ductility. Optimal performance requires an optimized steel–concrete composite action to achieve a better balance between load-bearing capacity and ductility.
- (4)
- The geometric configuration of corrugated steel plates significantly influences plastic strain distribution and structural performance. Waveform 3 facilitates superior stress redistribution, enhancing both the bearing capacity of the specimen by 19.1% and the ductility by 9.7%. Optimal waveform selection is therefore critical for achieving balanced improvements in load-carrying and deformation-resistant capacities.
- (5)
- Based on axial capacity formulas, an eccentric compression modification term for CFST-corrugated steel plate latticed columns was proposed. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed method maintains calculation errors within 11% of numerical simulation results, verifying its reliability for eccentric loading conditions.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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№ | Specimen | Strength of Steel Tube fsy (MPa) | Strength of Concrete fc (MPa) | Eccentricity e (mm) | Thickness of Lacing Tube tl (mm) | Strength of Lacing Tube fL (MPa) | Waveform of Corrugated Plate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | T1 | 235 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | Waveform 1 |
2 | E1 | 235 | 30 | 150 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
3 | E2 | 235 | 30 | 250 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
4 | E3 | 235 | 30 | 450 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
5 | C1 | 400 | 40 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
6 | C2 | 400 | 50 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
7 | H1 | 300 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
8 | H2 | 355 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
9 | H3 | 400 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
10 | B1 | 355 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 2 |
11 | B2 | 355 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 3 |
12 | LQ1 | 235 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 235 | waveform 1 |
13 | LQ2 | 235 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 345 | waveform 1 |
14 | LQ3 | 235 | 30 | 350 | 6 | 400 | waveform 1 |
Steel Tube Bs × ts (mm) | Corrugated Plate Width Bc (mm) | Corrugated Plate Thickness tc (mm) | Lacing Tube Diameter D (mm) | Lacing Tube Thickness tL (mm) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | □450 × 12 | 600 | 1.2 | 180 | 6 |
Specimen | Eccentricity e (mm) | Strength of Steel Tube fsy (MPa) | Strength of Concrete fc (MPa) | Thickness of Lacing Tubes tl (mm) | Strength of Steel Tube fL (MPa) | NP (kN) | μ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 30,892.8 | 5.75 |
E1 | 50 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 46,259.9 | 2.84 |
E2 | 150 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 40,224.3 | 4.19 |
E3 | 250 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 35,089.1 | 5.09 |
E4 | 450 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 26,942.5 | 5.67 |
C1 | 350 | 400 | 40 | 6 | 345 | 49,030.7 | 6.62 |
C2 | 350 | 400 | 50 | 6 | 345 | 54,117.7 | 5.02 |
H1 | 350 | 300 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 34,442.3 | 6.08 |
H2 | 350 | 355 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 37,349.8 | 6.47 |
H3 | 350 | 400 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 39,718.9 | 6.58 |
B1 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 35,379.9 | 5.22 |
B2 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 345 | 36,788.9 | 6.31 |
LQ1 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 235 | 30,771.4 | 5.73 |
LQ2 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 300 | 30,771.5 | 5.75 |
LQ3 | 350 | 235 | 30 | 6 | 400 | 30,771.5 | 5.76 |
№ | Specimen | Nc (kN) | NFE (kN) | Nc/Np |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | T1 | 32,876.62 | 30,892.8 | 1.06 |
2 | E1 | 43,266.76 | 46,259.9 | 0.94 |
3 | E2 | 41,101.83 | 40,224.3 | 1.02 |
4 | E3 | 37,362.80 | 35,089.1 | 1.06 |
5 | E4 | 28,339.61 | 26,942.5 | 1.05 |
6 | C1 | 43,497.79 | 49,030.7 | 0.89 |
7 | C2 | 48,657.56 | 54,117.7 | 0.90 |
8 | H1 | 34,939.73 | 34,442.3 | 1.01 |
9 | H2 | 36,685.44 | 37,349.8 | 0.98 |
10 | H3 | 38,113.75 | 39,718.9 | 0.96 |
11 | B1 | 33,409.89 | 35,379.9 | 0.94 |
12 | B2 | 33,587.90 | 36,788.9 | 0.91 |
13 | LQ1 | 32,876.62 | 30,771.4 | 1.07 |
14 | LQ2 | 32,876.62 | 30,771.5 | 1.07 |
15 | LQ3 | 32,876.62 | 30,771.5 | 1.07 |
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Xiao, X.-W.; Zhang, N.-N.; Zhao, X.; Liu, J.; Hu, Z.-H.; Li, X. Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Latticed Columns with Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures. Buildings 2025, 15, 1788. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111788
Xiao X-W, Zhang N-N, Zhao X, Liu J, Hu Z-H, Li X. Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Latticed Columns with Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures. Buildings. 2025; 15(11):1788. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111788
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao, Xue-Wen, Ning-Ning Zhang, Xuan Zhao, Jun Liu, Zhao-Hui Hu, and Xian Li. 2025. "Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Latticed Columns with Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures" Buildings 15, no. 11: 1788. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111788
APA StyleXiao, X.-W., Zhang, N.-N., Zhao, X., Liu, J., Hu, Z.-H., & Li, X. (2025). Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Latticed Columns with Corrugated Steel Plates for Industrial Structures. Buildings, 15(11), 1788. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111788