Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Research Proposal
1.2. Research Structure
2. Research Background
2.1. Models
2.2. Digital
2.3. Data
2.4. Artificial Intelligence
2.5. Blockchain
2.6. Sustainability
3. Asset Management
- Definition of a standard of service.
- Establishment of measurable specifications for the asset performance.
- Definition of a minimum condition grade.
- Development of a whole-life cost approach to managing the asset.
- Specification of an asset management plan.
- Maintaining a systematic record of individual assets.
- Developing a defined program for sustaining the aggregate body of assets through deterioration modelling, planned maintenance, repair, and replacement.
- Implementing and managing information systems in support of these systems.
- Defining current and expected levels of service and linking them to maintenance and capital planning.
- Calculating life-cycle cost of assets and possible sources of finance for maintenance actions.
- Defining the standard of service that describes asset performance in objective and measurable terms against a minimum condition grade, which is established by considering the consequences of a failure of the infrastructure asset.
4. Asset Omni-Management Model
4.1. Micro-Services
4.2. Users
4.3. Spaces
4.4. Management
4.5. Technology
5. Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure
5.1. Sensor
5.2. Network
5.2.1. Software Defined Networks
5.2.2. Internet Connectivity
5.2.3. Mobile
5.2.4. Wi-Fi
5.2.5. Radio
5.2.6. Low Power Wide Area
5.2.7. Local Area Networks
5.2.8. Wide Area Networks
5.2.9. Personal Area Networks
5.3. Server
5.3.1. Systems
5.3.2. Open Standard Protocol
5.3.3. System Integrations
5.3.4. Data Structure
5.3.5. Data Formats
5.3.6. Artificial Intelligence
5.3.7. Tokenisation
5.4. Workstation
6. Discussion
6.1. Requirements
6.2. Decisions
6.3. New versus Renewal
6.4. ESG and NTZ
6.5. Cybersecurity
6.6. Hybrid Working
6.7. Services: In-House/Outsourced
6.8. Technology: Premise/Cloud
6.9. Metaverse
6.10. Datacentres
6.11. Regulation
6.12. Real Estate Data Challenges
7. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Tuple | Micro-Service lo1 | User lo2 | Space lo3 | Management lo4 | Technology lo5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
v1 | Check in visitor | Visitor | Reception | Outsourced Public cloud | Visitor Management System |
v2 | Check in visitor | Client servicers staff | Reception | Outsourced Facilities Management provider | Visitor Management System |
v3 | Lease collection | Asset management staff | Office | In house asset owner | Asset Management System |
v4 | Cleaning | Facilities management staff | Washrooms | Outsourced Facilities Management provider | Smart washroom |
v5 | Parking digital wayfinding | Asset staff | Car Park | Outsourced Public cloud | Parking Management System |
v6 | Catering | Client Services staff | Kitchen | Outsourced Facilities Management provider | Food stock management system |
v7 | Investor reporting | Asset management staff | Office | In house asset owner | In house asset owner |
v8 | Energy optimisation | Asset energy performance manager | Office | Outsourced engineering services provider | Energy management system |
v9 | HVAC maintenance | Asset maintainer | Asset back of house | Outsourced engineering services provider | Enterprise asset management |
v10 | Network provision | Office occupier | Office | Outsourced Network services provider | Local Area Network |
v… | … | … | … | … | … |
Micro-Service li1 | ||
---|---|---|
Provide return to asset investors | Design an asset | Pay electricity bill |
Collect rent from tenants | Deliver an AM economic plan | Decide asset function |
Collect lease from leaseholders | Maintain the HVAC | … |
Commissioning a new asset | Change floor plan |
User li2 | ||
---|---|---|
Office occupier | Asset owner | Designer |
Visitor | Asset manager | Cooker |
Passenger | Facilities manager | … |
Customer | Energy performance manager |
Space li3 | ||
---|---|---|
Office space | Bicycle rack | Washrooms |
Reception | Retail space | Kitchen |
Entrance | Common area | … |
Car Park | Equipment room |
Management li4 | |
---|---|
In-house | Internal smart contracts |
Outsourced to a third-party service provider | … |
External data marketplace |
Technology li5 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Sensor | Network | Server | Workstation |
Camera | Wi-Fi | Local Area Network | Display |
Occupancy | 5G | Security System | Mobile App |
Environmental | Local Area Network | Building Management System | Tablet |
… | … | … | … |
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Serrano, W. Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose. Buildings 2023, 13, 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010131
Serrano W. Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose. Buildings. 2023; 13(1):131. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010131
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerrano, Will. 2023. "Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose" Buildings 13, no. 1: 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010131
APA StyleSerrano, W. (2023). Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose. Buildings, 13(1), 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010131