Decision-Making Tool for the Selection of Priority Areas for Building Rehabilitation in Barcelona
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Rehabilitation and Regeneration Public Policies
1.2. Methodological Approaches to the Delimitation of Priority Areas
2. Objectives
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Data Sources
- 1: urgent;
- 1.5: high;
- 2: necessary;
- 2.5: low;
- 3: very low.
3.2. Methodological Background and the Issue of Data Disaggregation
3.3. Proposed Methodology
- Density of buildings with a higher need for rehabilitation index.
- 2.
- Density of dwellings in buildings with a higher need for rehabilitation index.
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Results of the Density of Buildings with a Higher Need for Rehabilitation Index
- The Ciutat Vella district (historic center) (Figure 5), with intensified needs in the central-western area of the Raval neighborhood, with broad needs in the whole neighborhood of La Barceloneta, particularly in the central-eastern part, and finally in the south-eastern location of the Gòtic neighborhood near the seafront.
- The northern periphery of Barcelona (Figure 6), with intensified problems in the western and highest locations in the neighborhoods of Torre Baró and Roquetes, less remarkably in some locations of Ciutat Meridiana, Trinitat Vella and el Verdum and most intensely in central and south-eastern locations of the El Carmel neighborhood.
4.2. Results of the Density of Dwellings with a Higher Need for Rehabilitation Index
- The El Besòs i el Maresme neighborhood (Figure 8, on the right), where the buildings are large linear blocks that contain a large number of dwellings. As a result, the poor condition of a block affects a large number of residents.
4.3. Methodological Discussion
4.4. Applicability in the Design of Rehabilitation Policies
- Area-based interventions that call for the delimitation of areas with a high concentration of needs, where a focused and simultaneous intervention can foster important improvement such as those that are being tested currently in the areas of Sud-Oest del Besòs (Besòs-Maresme) or Trinitat Vella (Figure 13) in Barcelona [43,44,45].
- Thematic interventions that call for discontinuous sectors such as the issue of accessibility (lift incorporation), programs that aim at upgrading the energy efficiency of the building stock or even more integral programs such as the Program for High-Complexity Buildings [32] that aim at selecting discontinuous buildings with the highest concentration of problems within the larger vulnerable areas such as the Raval (Figure 14) and Ciutat Meridiana among others in Barcelona.
5. Conclusions
- The purposed methodology provides a cartography of risk situations that is based on a fieldwork research of proximity, which enables to precisely identify and delimitate higher levels of concentration of socio-residential and habitational risks.
- It contributes to the vision of how homogeneous approaches to detected areas are not sufficient, while it highlights the present heterogeneity of small urban delimitations and their buildings and dwellings; a very useful contribution for decision making at the stage of the design of rehabilitation policies.
- It contributes to a more comprehensive approach to complex urban problems that are assessed in urban rehabilitation and renewal with an opened vision of governance. It is possible to further integrate knowledge on the state of conservation of the building stock with sociodemographic and economic aspects that are relevant when fostering social inclusion and equity in urban vulnerable areas.
- This experience is a step forward towards a rigorous bottom-up analysis of our urban environments based on the proximity that can contribute and acknowledge the increasingly relevant role of local governments in the improvement of individual and collective welfare.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Neighborhood | Number of Buildings Studied | Number of Dwellings Studied |
---|---|---|
01 Raval | 1.117 | 10.282 |
02 Gòtic | 325 | 1.861 |
03 Barceloneta | 734 | 5.264 |
04 Sant Pere, Santa Caterina i La Ribera | 473 | 3.415 |
11 Poble Sec | 1.426 | 15.259 |
12 La Marina del Prat Vermell | 29 | 40 |
13 La Marina de Port | 108 | 1.052 |
34 Can Baró | 652 | 4.070 |
37 El Carmel | 1.818 | 13.109 |
38 La Teixonera | 102 | 479 |
39 Sant Genís dels Agudells | 14 | 311 |
46 Turó de la Peira | 305 | 6.856 |
47 Can Peguera | 627 | 899 |
50 Roquetes | 576 | 3.769 |
51 Verdum | 557 | 5.555 |
52 Prosperitat | 1.100 | 11.343 |
53 Trinitat Nova | 107 | 2.032 |
54 Torre Baró | 387 | 461 |
55 Ciutat Meridiana | 53 | 2.482 |
56 Vallbona | 95 | 109 |
57 Trinitat Vella | 345 | 1.962 |
58 Baró de Viver | 13 | 345 |
59 El Bon Pastor | 573 | 1.452 |
70 El Besòs i el Maresme | 182 | 3.297 |
73 La Verneda i la Pau | 20 | 603 |
TOTAL | 11.738 | 96.307 |
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Cornadó, C.; Vima-Grau, S.; Garcia-Almirall, P.; Uzqueda, A.; de la Asunción, M. Decision-Making Tool for the Selection of Priority Areas for Building Rehabilitation in Barcelona. Buildings 2022, 12, 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020247
Cornadó C, Vima-Grau S, Garcia-Almirall P, Uzqueda A, de la Asunción M. Decision-Making Tool for the Selection of Priority Areas for Building Rehabilitation in Barcelona. Buildings. 2022; 12(2):247. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020247
Chicago/Turabian StyleCornadó, Còssima, Sara Vima-Grau, Pilar Garcia-Almirall, Angel Uzqueda, and Mireia de la Asunción. 2022. "Decision-Making Tool for the Selection of Priority Areas for Building Rehabilitation in Barcelona" Buildings 12, no. 2: 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020247