Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The Raw Material
2.2. pH and Density
2.3. Geotechnical Properties
2.3.1. Sieve Analysis
2.3.2. Gradation
2.3.3. Compaction Test
2.3.4. Evaluation of Plasticity
2.4. Mix Proportions and Preparation of Bricks
2.5. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
2.6. Analytical Techniques
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Physicochemical Properties of WFGD Gypsum
3.1.1. pH and Relative Density
3.1.2. Chemical and Mineralogical Composition
3.1.3. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
3.2. Geotechnical Characterization of WFGD Gypsum
3.2.1. Particle Size Distribution
3.2.2. Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC)
3.2.3. Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit Tests
3.2.4. Linear Shrinkage
3.3. Characterization of WFGD Gypsum-Based Bricks
3.3.1. Effect of Curing Time
UCS
Mineralogy
FTIR Analysis
SEM/EDS Analysis
3.3.2. The Effect of Curing Temperature
UCS
Mineralogy
FTIR Analysis
SEM/EDS Analysis
3.3.3. The Durability of WFGD Gypsum Bricks
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Component | WFGD Gypsum (wt %) |
---|---|
F | 0.42 |
MgO | 1.06 |
Al2O3 | 1.1 |
SiO2 | 2.0 |
P2O5 | 0.02 |
SO3 | 42.7 |
Fe2O3 | 0.64 |
CaO | 50.8 |
TiO2 | 0.1 |
MnO | 0.6 |
Element (%m/m) | WFGD Gypsum |
---|---|
Mn | 0.47 |
Cu | 1.56 |
Mg | 1.50 |
Cr | 0.01 |
Al | 0.08 |
P | 0.19 |
Fe | 2.8 |
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Sithole, T.; Mashifana, T.; Mahlangu, D.; Tchadjie, L. Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials. Buildings 2021, 11, 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110500
Sithole T, Mashifana T, Mahlangu D, Tchadjie L. Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials. Buildings. 2021; 11(11):500. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110500
Chicago/Turabian StyleSithole, Thandiwe, Tebogo Mashifana, Dumisane Mahlangu, and Leonel Tchadjie. 2021. "Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials" Buildings 11, no. 11: 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11110500