Development of a Cr-Ni-V-N Medium Manganese Steel with Balanced Mechanical and Corrosion Properties
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Thermodynamic and Kinetics Calculations
3.2. Microstructure
3.3. Mechanical Properties
3.4. Corrosion Properties
4. Discussion
4.1. Interplay among Different Strengthening Effects Induced by V Alloying
4.2. Strain Hardening Behavior
4.3. Enhanced Corrosion Resistance
5. Conclusions
- Recrystallization annealing treatment at 1000 °C for 3 min resulted in an ultrafine austenitic microstructure with an average grain size of ~1.3 µm containing a considerable amount of V- and Cr-based precipitates in a bimodal particle size distribution (100–400 nm and <20 nm). More than 80% of the precipitates are smaller than 50 nm.
- The alloying concept (especially the high V and N contents) results in a high yield strength of ~600 MPa via an interplay among different mechanisms, namely the Ashby–Orowan effect, Hall–Petch effect, solid–solution, and dislocation strengthening.
- Although the work hardening rate (WHR) at early deformation stages is very high (3.4 GPa), the suppression of deformation twin formation by ultrafine grains until fracture resulted in a continuous drop in WHR. The slope of the WHR decreases at high strains (>20%) due to the austenite to martensite transformation.
- The enhanced corrosion resistance of the newly developed MMn steel is attributed to the high Cr and N contents even after precipitation. It seems that the ultrafine grain microstructure plays an important role in improving the corrosion resistance despite the detrimental effect of precipitates.
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Elements | C | Si | Mn | Al | Cr | Ni | V | N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MMn X20CrNiMnVN18-5-10 | 0.17 | 0.43 | 10.4 | - | 17.7 | 4.7 | 0.9 | 0.26 |
BenchmarkX5CrNi18-8 | 0.04 | 0.49 | 1.2 | - | 18.0 | 8.3 | - | 0.060 |
Benchmark X60MnAl17-1 | 0.60 | 0.06 | 16.8 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.049 | 0.008 |
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Allam, T.; Guo, X.; Sevsek, S.; Lipińska-Chwałek, M.; Hamada, A.; Ahmed, E.; Bleck, W. Development of a Cr-Ni-V-N Medium Manganese Steel with Balanced Mechanical and Corrosion Properties. Metals 2019, 9, 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060705
Allam T, Guo X, Sevsek S, Lipińska-Chwałek M, Hamada A, Ahmed E, Bleck W. Development of a Cr-Ni-V-N Medium Manganese Steel with Balanced Mechanical and Corrosion Properties. Metals. 2019; 9(6):705. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060705
Chicago/Turabian StyleAllam, Tarek, Xiaofei Guo, Simon Sevsek, Marta Lipińska-Chwałek, Atef Hamada, Essam Ahmed, and Wolfgang Bleck. 2019. "Development of a Cr-Ni-V-N Medium Manganese Steel with Balanced Mechanical and Corrosion Properties" Metals 9, no. 6: 705. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060705