Acute Effects of Supervised Making Weight on Health Markers, Hormones and Body Composition in Muay Thai Fighters
1
Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
2
Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Operative Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Magna Graecia, Mater Domini Hospital Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
3
Italian Boxing Federation, 06088 Assisi, Italy
4
Research Division, DBSS International SAS, Bogotá 110861, Colombia
5
kDNA Genomics®, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
6
Research Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
7
Research Group in Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences (GICAFS), Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sports 2020, 8(10), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8100137
Received: 16 September 2020
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Revised: 10 October 2020
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Accepted: 14 October 2020
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Published: 16 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health-Related Components of Physical Fitness in Individual, Combat and Team Sports)
Making weight is a practice often used in combat sports. This consists of a rapid weight loss (RWL) and a subsequent rapid weight gain (RWG) in the days preceding competition. However, this practice is often carried out based on anecdotal information provided by ex-athletes or non-professionals, which has led to several adverse events. This study aimed to assess the acute effects of a supervised nutritional period of RWL/RWG on health markers, hormone concentrations, and body composition. We performed a single-arm repeated-measures (baseline, after RWL and after RWG) clinical trial with twenty-one (8F:16M) Italian Muay Thai fighters. Body mass was significantly lower after the RWL (−4.1%) while there was a significantly higher glucose availability after RWL and RWG. Blood urea nitrogen, lipid profile, and creatinine were within the normal range after RWL/RWG. Testosterone decrease significantly after RWL and RWG in the men group. Male fighters had a significant reduction in thyroid-stimulating hormone concentration after the RWL and RWG intervention, but no change was found in women at pre-competition. Bioelectrical parameters were almost fully restored after RWG. An evidence-based and individualized nutrition methodology reduces the adverse events after an RWL and RWG practice, although the impact on the hormonal profile is inevitable.
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Keywords:
weight reduction diet; glycogen depletion; dehydration; blood chemical analysis; body composition; combat sports; rapid weight loss
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cannataro, R.; Cione, E.; Gallelli, L.; Marzullo, N.; Bonilla, D.A. Acute Effects of Supervised Making Weight on Health Markers, Hormones and Body Composition in Muay Thai Fighters. Sports 2020, 8, 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8100137
AMA Style
Cannataro R, Cione E, Gallelli L, Marzullo N, Bonilla DA. Acute Effects of Supervised Making Weight on Health Markers, Hormones and Body Composition in Muay Thai Fighters. Sports. 2020; 8(10):137. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8100137
Chicago/Turabian StyleCannataro, Roberto, Erika Cione, Luca Gallelli, Natale Marzullo, and Diego A. Bonilla. 2020. "Acute Effects of Supervised Making Weight on Health Markers, Hormones and Body Composition in Muay Thai Fighters" Sports 8, no. 10: 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8100137
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