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Case Report

Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report

by
Exal Garcia-Carrillo
1,2,*,
Nikolaos Zaras
3,
Lawrence W. Judge
4,
Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki
5,
Esteban Aedo-Muñoz
6,
Antonio Castillo-Paredes
7,
Jairo Azócar-Gallardo
8,9,
Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
10 and
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
11,12
1
Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
2
School of Education, Faculty of Human Sciences, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
3
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Occupational Therapy, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
4
School of Kinesiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
5
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237 Athens, Greece
6
Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, El Deporte y la Salud, Facultad De Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago De Chile, Santiago 8370003, Chile
7
Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile
8
Departamento Ciencias De La Actividad Física, Universidad De Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
9
Programa De Investigación en Deporte, Sociedad Y Buen Vivir (DSBv), Universidad De Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile
10
Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
11
Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
12
Sport Sciences and Human Performance Laboratories, Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad De Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sports 2025, 13(9), 328; https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13090328
Submission received: 19 July 2025 / Revised: 18 August 2025 / Accepted: 22 August 2025 / Published: 15 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rethinking Athlete Pathways: Innovations and Insights in Long-Term Athletic Development)
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Abstract

The purpose of this longitudinal case report was to assess physical fitness changes in world-class shot put para athletes during six months of training. One male (age: 34.8 years; mass: 96.9 kg; height: 1.79 m; sport class: F42), and one female (age: 45.3 years; mass: 60.1 kg; height: 1.64 m: F54) shot put para-thrower were assessed during a 24-week periodized training program, including strength and power training, throws, and plyometrics. Monthly assessments included competitive shot put throwing performance, the medicine ball throw test, and upper-body maximal strength, while body composition was measured before and after the training period. Shot put throwing performance improved by 10.1% and 1.6% for the male and female athletes, respectively. Similarly, performance in the medicine ball throw test increased by 15.2% and 8.4% for the male and female athletes, respectively. Maximal strength increased by 10.3% (male) and 3.3% (female). Body composition changes included an increased lean mass (2.5%) and reduced sum of six skinfolds (−9.8%) in the male athlete, while the female athlete experienced decreased body mass (−2.5%) and skinfolds (−11.7%). World-class shot put para athletes can improve strength and power through a structured periodized training plan. Monitoring strength and performance indicators monthly effectively tracked training adaptations in elite para athletes.
Keywords: athletic performance; disabled persons; sports for persons with disabilities; adaptive sports; athletes; physical fitness; sports; exercise; human physical conditioning athletic performance; disabled persons; sports for persons with disabilities; adaptive sports; athletes; physical fitness; sports; exercise; human physical conditioning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Garcia-Carrillo, E.; Zaras, N.; Judge, L.W.; Stasinaki, A.-N.; Aedo-Muñoz, E.; Castillo-Paredes, A.; Azócar-Gallardo, J.; Yáñez-Sepúlveda, R.; Ramirez-Campillo, R. Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report. Sports 2025, 13, 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13090328

AMA Style

Garcia-Carrillo E, Zaras N, Judge LW, Stasinaki A-N, Aedo-Muñoz E, Castillo-Paredes A, Azócar-Gallardo J, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Ramirez-Campillo R. Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report. Sports. 2025; 13(9):328. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13090328

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garcia-Carrillo, Exal, Nikolaos Zaras, Lawrence W. Judge, Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz, Antonio Castillo-Paredes, Jairo Azócar-Gallardo, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, and Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo. 2025. "Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report" Sports 13, no. 9: 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13090328

APA Style

Garcia-Carrillo, E., Zaras, N., Judge, L. W., Stasinaki, A.-N., Aedo-Muñoz, E., Castillo-Paredes, A., Azócar-Gallardo, J., Yáñez-Sepúlveda, R., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2025). Physical Fitness in World-Class Shot Put Para Athletes During Six Months of Training: A Longitudinal Case Report. Sports, 13(9), 328. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13090328

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