New Water-Ethylene Glycol Lubricants with Stearate Ionic Liquid Crystal Additive
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
Tribological Results
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lubricant | Turbidity (cm−1) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 °C | 40 °C | 44 °C | 50 °C | 95 °C | |
W–EG | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.34 |
(W–EG) + 0.5%DES | 0.97 | 1.60 | 0.76 | 0.62 | 0.39 |
(W–EG) + 1%DES | 2.22 | 1.96 | 1.54 | 1.12 | 0.90 |
(W–EG) + 2%DES | 3.57 | 3.77 | 4.68 | 0.80 | 1.60 |
Lubricant | Initial | After 5 min |
---|---|---|
W–EG | 35.6° (2.1) | 33.8° (1.6) |
(W–EG) + 0.5%DES | 53.1° (3.9) | 41.9° (2.0) |
(W–EG) + 1%DES | 51.1° (5.0) | 49.0° (4.7) |
(W–EG) + 2%DES | 46.4° (4.4) | 41.2° (1.5) |
Lubricant | COF | Wear Rate (mm3/N·m) |
---|---|---|
W–EG | 0.28 (±0.019) | 1.92 × 10−5 (±1.47 × 10−6) |
(W–EG) + 0.5%DES | 0.08 (±0.004) | 4.01 × 10−6 (±2.22 × 10−7) |
(W–EG) + 1%DES | 0.07 (±0.007) | 6.40 × 10−6 (±5.80 × 10−7) |
(W–EG) + 2%DES | 0.09 (±0.009) | 1.06 × 10−5 (±5.32 × 10−7) |
Lubricant | Element (wt.%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fe | C | O | Cr | |||||
Inside | Outside | Inside | Outside | Inside | Outside | Inside | Outside | |
W–EG | 56.9 | 61.2 | 10.4 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 2.2 | 13.9 | 15.4 |
(W–EG) + 0.5%DES | 59.7 | 62.0 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 15.1 | 15.6 |
(W–EG) + 1%DES | 60.9 | 61.6 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 15.4 | 15.5 |
(W–EG) + 2%DES | 60.4 | 61.1 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 15.1 | 15.5 |
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Avilés, M.-D.; Sánchez-Rodríguez, C.; Pamies, R.; Bermúdez, M.-D.; Carrión-Vilches, F.-J.; Sanfelix, S.G.; Kjøniksen, A.-L. New Water-Ethylene Glycol Lubricants with Stearate Ionic Liquid Crystal Additive. Lubricants 2022, 10, 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100241
Avilés M-D, Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Pamies R, Bermúdez M-D, Carrión-Vilches F-J, Sanfelix SG, Kjøniksen A-L. New Water-Ethylene Glycol Lubricants with Stearate Ionic Liquid Crystal Additive. Lubricants. 2022; 10(10):241. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100241
Chicago/Turabian StyleAvilés, María-Dolores, Cristian Sánchez-Rodríguez, Ramón Pamies, María-Dolores Bermúdez, Francisco-José Carrión-Vilches, Susana García Sanfelix, and Anna-Lena Kjøniksen. 2022. "New Water-Ethylene Glycol Lubricants with Stearate Ionic Liquid Crystal Additive" Lubricants 10, no. 10: 241. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10100241