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Volume 12
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Review

Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution

by
Xavier Eugenio León Aguilera
1,
Alexander Manzano
2,
Daniela Pirela
2 and
Valmore Bermúdez
1,3,*
1
Departamento de Post-Grado, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ciudad Cuenca 010109, Ecuador
2
Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4002, Venezuela
3
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080022, Colombia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(8), 1282; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282
Submission received: 6 July 2022 / Revised: 31 July 2022 / Accepted: 1 August 2022 / Published: 4 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 2nd Conference with International Participation “Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine”)
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Abstract

Obesity and its comorbidities are humans’ most prevalent cardio-metabolic diseases worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that chronic low-grade inflammation is a common feature in all highly prevalent chronic degenerative diseases. In this sense, the gut microbiota is a complete ecosystem involved in different processes like vitamin synthesis, metabolism regulation, and both appetite and immune system control. Thus, dysbiosis has been recognised as one of the many factors associated with obesity due to a predominance of Firmicutes, a decrease in Bifidobacterium in the gut, and a consequent short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) synthesis reduction leading to a reduction in incretins action and intestinal permeability increase. In this context, bacteria, bacterial endotoxins, and toxic bacterial by-products are translocated to the bloodstream, leading to systemic inflammation. This review focuses on gut microbiota composition and its role in obesity, as well as probiotics and prebiotics benefits in obesity.
Keywords: obesity; gut microbiota; short chain fatty acids; probiotics; prebiotics obesity; gut microbiota; short chain fatty acids; probiotics; prebiotics

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MDPI and ACS Style

León Aguilera, X.E.; Manzano, A.; Pirela, D.; Bermúdez, V. Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282

AMA Style

León Aguilera XE, Manzano A, Pirela D, Bermúdez V. Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022; 12(8):1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282

Chicago/Turabian Style

León Aguilera, Xavier Eugenio, Alexander Manzano, Daniela Pirela, and Valmore Bermúdez. 2022. "Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution" Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 8: 1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282

APA Style

León Aguilera, X. E., Manzano, A., Pirela, D., & Bermúdez, V. (2022). Probiotics and Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Myths and Realities of a New Health Revolution. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 12(8), 1282. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081282

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