The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Axis Crosstalk
2.1. Bladder–Gut–Brain Axis
2.2. Gut–Bladder Axis
2.3. Gut-Vagina-Bladder Axis
2.4. Gut–Kidney Axis
3. Substances Involved in Crosstalk
3.1. Inflammasome and Infection: Urologic Disease
3.2. SCFAs (Short Chain Fatty Acids)
4. Strength and Limitation of This Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Main Types of SCFAs | Chemical Structure of Anions and Molecular Weight | Bacterial Producers | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Acetate | 60.05 | Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Ruminococcus spp., Blautia hydrogenotrophica, Clostridium spp., Streptococcus spp., Coprococcus spp., | [51,52] |
Butyrate | 88.11 | Anaerostipes spp., Coprococcus catus, Eubacterium rectal, Eubacterium hallii, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia spp., Coprococcus comes, Coprococcus eutactus, Anaerostipes spp., Coprococcus catus, Lactobacillus salivarius spp. Clostridium butyricum, Ruminococcaceae | [51,53,54] |
Propionate | 74.00 | Bacteroides spp., Dialister spp., Veillonella, Roseburia, Megasphaera elsdenii, Coprococcus catus, Salmonella spp., Roseburia inulinivorans, Ruminococcus obeum, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens inulinivorans, | [51,53] |
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Yang, H.J.; Kim, D.S.; Lee, K.W.; Kim, Y.H. The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 3119. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123119
Yang HJ, Kim DS, Lee KW, Kim YH. The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(12):3119. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123119
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Hee Jo, Doo Sang Kim, Kwang Woo Lee, and Young Ho Kim. 2022. "The Urinary Microbiome; Axis Crosstalk and Short-Chain Fatty Acid" Diagnostics 12, no. 12: 3119. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123119