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Volume 11
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10.3390/diagnostics11061054
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Article

Serum Levels of Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma

by
Son Dinh An Truong
1,
Doungdean Tummanatsakun
1,
Tanakorn Proungvitaya
1,
Temduang Limpaiboon
1,2,
Molin Wongwattanakul
1,3,
Daraporn Chua-on
1,
Sittiruk Roytrakul
4 and
Siriporn Proungvitaya
1,3,*
1
Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
2
Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
3
Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
4
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2021, 11(6), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061054
Submission received: 7 May 2021 / Revised: 2 June 2021 / Accepted: 3 June 2021 / Published: 8 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
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Abstract

The mortality rate of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is high since there is a lack of a non-invasive technique to accurately detect tumors at the early stage. CCA biomarkers are consistently needed for various purposes including screening, early diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. Herein, using bioinformatic analysis of our mitochondrial proteome database of CCA tissues, we identified cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a potential prognostic biomarker for CCA. CIAPIN1 levels in the sera of 159 CCA patients and 93 healthy controls (HC) were measured using a dot blot assay. The median level ± quartile deviation of CIAPIN1 level in the sera of CCA patient group was 0.5144 ± 0.34 µg/µL, which was significantly higher than 0.2427 ± 0.09 µg/µL of the HC group (p < 0.0001). In CCA patients, higher serum CIAPIN1 level was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.024) and shorter overall survival time (p = 0.001, Kaplan–Meier test). Cox regression analysis showed that the serum CIAPIN1 level can be an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of CCA patients. Moreover, for the prediction of CCA prognosis, CIAPIN1 is superior to CEA, CA19-9 and ALP. In conclusion, CIAPIN1 can be a serum biomarker candidate for the poor prognosis of CCA.
Keywords: CIAPIN1; serum; dot blot; prognostic biomarker; cholangiocarcinoma CIAPIN1; serum; dot blot; prognostic biomarker; cholangiocarcinoma

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MDPI and ACS Style

Truong, S.D.A.; Tummanatsakun, D.; Proungvitaya, T.; Limpaiboon, T.; Wongwattanakul, M.; Chua-on, D.; Roytrakul, S.; Proungvitaya, S. Serum Levels of Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061054

AMA Style

Truong SDA, Tummanatsakun D, Proungvitaya T, Limpaiboon T, Wongwattanakul M, Chua-on D, Roytrakul S, Proungvitaya S. Serum Levels of Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(6):1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061054

Chicago/Turabian Style

Truong, Son Dinh An, Doungdean Tummanatsakun, Tanakorn Proungvitaya, Temduang Limpaiboon, Molin Wongwattanakul, Daraporn Chua-on, Sittiruk Roytrakul, and Siriporn Proungvitaya. 2021. "Serum Levels of Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma" Diagnostics 11, no. 6: 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061054

APA Style

Truong, S. D. A., Tummanatsakun, D., Proungvitaya, T., Limpaiboon, T., Wongwattanakul, M., Chua-on, D., Roytrakul, S., & Proungvitaya, S. (2021). Serum Levels of Cytokine-Induced Apoptosis Inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Cholangiocarcinoma. Diagnostics, 11(6), 1054. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061054

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