Quantitative Measurement of Breast Density Using Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Subject: A Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model
2.2. MR Scanning Protocol
2.3. Quantitative Measurement: Breast Volume, Fibroglandular Tissue Volume, and Percentage of Breast Density
2.4. Data Synthesis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Scanning of the Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model
3.2. Quantitative Measurement of Breast Volume, Fibroglandular Tissue Volume, and Percentage of Breast Density
3.3. Comparison of Measurements Between Non-Fat-Suppression and Fat-Suppression Groups
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | MRI Sequence | Acquisition Type | Orientation, Slice No. | TR (ms) | TE (ms) | TI (ms) | FOV (mm) | Matrix Size | Slice Thickness (mm) | Flip Angle (°) | NSA | Scan Time (min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Non-fat-suppressed TSE (T2W) | 2D | Axial, 33 | 6080 | 78 | 350 × 350 | 336 × 448 | 4.0 | 80 | 1 | 1.10 | |
2. | Non-fat-suppressed TSE (T1W) | 2D | Axial, 37 | 709 | 10 | 350 × 350 | 224 × 320 | 2.9 | 130 | 2 | 2.38 | |
3. | Non-fat-suppressed TSE SPACE (T1W) | 3D | Axial, 88 | 600 | 3.4 | 400 × 400 | 256 × 256 | 1.6 | 120 | 2 | 2.47 | |
4. | Fat-suppressed TSE SPACE (T1W) | 3D | Axial, 88 | 1500 | 3.4 | 400 × 400 | 256 ×2 56 | 1.6 | 120 | 1 | 4.58 | |
5. | Fat-suppressed TSE SPACE SPAIR (T1W) | 3D | Axial, 88 | 1500 | 3.4 | 400 × 400 | 256 × 256 | 1.6 | 120 | 1 | 4.58 | |
6. | Fat-suppressed IR/PFP TIRM (T2W) | 2D | Axial, 37 | 4120 | 70 | 230 | 340 × 340 | 358 × 448 | 3.0 | 80 | 2 | 1.51 |
MRI Sequence * | Breast Volume (cm3) | Fibroglandular Tissue Volume (cm3) | Breast Density (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
Non-fat-suppression group (MR Sequences 1, 2, and 3) | ||||||
MR Seq. 1 (N = 3) | 592.291 | 5.065 | 31.984 | 0.735 | 5.401 | 0.165 |
MR Seq. 2 (N = 3) | 388.793 | 4.159 | 30.067 | 1.159 | 7.733 | 0.365 |
MR Seq. 3 (N = 3) | 443.884 | 11.913 | 34.261 | 1.809 | 7.719 | 0.366 |
Combined (N = 9) | 474.989 | 91.406 | 32.104 | 2.144 | 6.952 | 1.194 |
Fat-suppression group (MR Sequences 4, 5, and 6) | ||||||
MR Seq. 4 (N = 3) | 461.188 | 4.699 | 53.940 | 1.083 | 11.698 | 0.351 |
MR Seq. 5 (N = 3) | 462.948 | 11.882 | 48.456 | 1.140 | 10.467 | 0.084 |
MR Seq. 6 (N = 3) | 715.784 | 32.097 | 67.794 | 3.623 | 9.498 | 0.930 |
Combined (N = 9) | 546.640 | 128.031 | 56.730 | 8.854 | 10.555 | 1.077 |
Breast Density Parameter | Non-Fat-Suppressed (N = 9) | Fat-Suppressed (N = 9) | F-Ratio | Prob Level ** | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SE (4 df *) | Mean | SE (4 df *) | |||
Breast volume (cm3) | 474.989 | 73.639 | 546.640 | 73.639 | 0.47 | 0.5293 |
Fibroglandular tissue volume (cm3) | 32.104 | 4.158 | 56.730 | 4.158 | 17.54 | 0.0138 |
Breast density (%) | 6.952 | 0.709 | 10.555 | 0.709 | 12.90 | 0.0229 |
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Sindi, R.; Wong, Y.H.; Yeong, C.H.; Sun, Z. Quantitative Measurement of Breast Density Using Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 793. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100793
Sindi R, Wong YH, Yeong CH, Sun Z. Quantitative Measurement of Breast Density Using Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(10):793. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100793
Chicago/Turabian StyleSindi, Rooa, Yin How Wong, Chai Hong Yeong, and Zhonghua Sun. 2020. "Quantitative Measurement of Breast Density Using Personalized 3D-Printed Breast Model for Magnetic Resonance Imaging" Diagnostics 10, no. 10: 793. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10100793