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Article

Enhancing Volume Precision in Breast Reconstruction: A BMI-Based Model for Predicting Flap Weight in Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps

by
Charalampos Varnava
1,2,3,†,
Shaghayegh Gorji
1,2,3,†,
Sascha Wellenbrock
1,2,3,
Tobias Hirsch
1,2,3,
Maximilian Kückelhaus
1,2,3 and
Philipp Wiebringhaus
1,2,3,*
1
Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
2
Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Fachklinik Hornheide, 48157 Muenster, Germany
3
Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Life 2025, 15(4), 667; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040667
Submission received: 15 November 2024 / Revised: 1 April 2025 / Accepted: 10 April 2025 / Published: 17 April 2025

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap has gained recognition as a viable technique in autologous breast reconstruction, demonstrating low donor site morbidity and favorable reconstructive outcomes. This study aims to highlight the recent refinements using the PAP flap for breast reconstruction focusing on preoperative volume prediction. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of breast reconstruction surgeries using the PAP flap at our institution between May 2018 and December 2022. A total of 114 PAP flaps performed in 96 patients were included. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze flap volume in relation to body mass index (BMI). Surgical details, such as donor site-related complications and patient characteristics, were also collected. Results: BMI was identified as a statistically significant predictor (p < 0.001) for flap weight in the resulting model. The average BMI observed was 23.0, while the mean flap weight was 304.2 g. The predictive model for flap weight was determined as follows: flap weight (g) = (19.252 × BMI) − 143.572. This model underscores the relationship between BMI and flap weight, quantifying the influence of BMI on flap weight prediction. Conclusions: Our study indicates that it is feasible to harvest an adequate volume for breast reconstruction even in patients with a low BMI. To facilitate preoperative prediction of PAP flap volume, we developed an algorithm designed to enhance preoperative planning and estimate the need for supplementary procedures to achieve the desired volume.
Keywords: volumetry; PAP flap; breast reconstruction; quality of life; breast cancer volumetry; PAP flap; breast reconstruction; quality of life; breast cancer

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Varnava, C.; Gorji, S.; Wellenbrock, S.; Hirsch, T.; Kückelhaus, M.; Wiebringhaus, P. Enhancing Volume Precision in Breast Reconstruction: A BMI-Based Model for Predicting Flap Weight in Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps. Life 2025, 15, 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040667

AMA Style

Varnava C, Gorji S, Wellenbrock S, Hirsch T, Kückelhaus M, Wiebringhaus P. Enhancing Volume Precision in Breast Reconstruction: A BMI-Based Model for Predicting Flap Weight in Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps. Life. 2025; 15(4):667. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040667

Chicago/Turabian Style

Varnava, Charalampos, Shaghayegh Gorji, Sascha Wellenbrock, Tobias Hirsch, Maximilian Kückelhaus, and Philipp Wiebringhaus. 2025. "Enhancing Volume Precision in Breast Reconstruction: A BMI-Based Model for Predicting Flap Weight in Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps" Life 15, no. 4: 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040667

APA Style

Varnava, C., Gorji, S., Wellenbrock, S., Hirsch, T., Kückelhaus, M., & Wiebringhaus, P. (2025). Enhancing Volume Precision in Breast Reconstruction: A BMI-Based Model for Predicting Flap Weight in Profunda Artery Perforator Flaps. Life, 15(4), 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040667

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