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Volume 15
Issue 4
10.3390/life15040510
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Article

Inflammatory and Fibrosis Parameters Predicting CPET Performance in Males with Recent Elective PCI for Chronic Coronary Syndrome

by
Andrei Drugescu
1,†,
Radu Sebastian Gavril
1,*,
Ioana Mădălina Zota
1,*,
Alexandru Dan Costache
1,
Oana Irina Gavril
1,
Mihai Roca
1,
Teodor Flaviu Vasilcu
1,
Ovidiu Mitu
1,
Maria Magdalena Leon
1,
Daniela Cristina Dimitriu
2,
Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc
2 and
Florin Mitu
1,3,4
1
Department of Medical Specialties (I), Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
2
Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
3
Romanian Acad Med Sci, 927180 Bucharest, Romania
4
Romanian Acad Scientists, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The study was part of the Ph.D. Thesis of Andrei Drugescu.
Life 2025, 15(4), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040510
Submission received: 26 February 2025 / Revised: 17 March 2025 / Accepted: 18 March 2025 / Published: 21 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers and Prognostic Markers in Cardiovascular Diseases)
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Abstract

Functional capacity (FC), ideally determined by a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), is a valuable prognostic marker in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). As CPET has limited availability, biomarkers of inflammation and/or fibrosis could help predict diminished FC. Our objective was to assess the value of galectin-3 (gal-3) and that of three inflammatory markers easily obtained from a complete blood count (NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) and MLR (monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio) in predicting diminished FC in males with recent elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CCS. Our prospective study enrolled 90 males who had undergone elective PCI in the previous 3 months (mean age 60.39 ± 10.39 years) referred to a cardiovascular rehabilitation (CR) clinic between February 2023 and December 2024. All subjects received clinical examination, a cardiopulmonary stress test, transthoracic echocardiography and bloodwork. Based on percentage of predicted oxygen uptake (%VO2max), patients were classified in two subgroups—impaired FC (≤70%, n = 50) and preserved FC (>70%, n = 40). NLR, PLR and gal-3 were elevated in patients with poor FC and were significant predictors of diminished FC in multivariate analysis. PLR, NLR and gal-3 could guide referrals for CR for high-risk males with recent elective PCI.
Keywords: galectin-3; platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; functional capacity; oxygen uptake; cardiopulmonary stress test; chronic coronary syndrome galectin-3; platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; functional capacity; oxygen uptake; cardiopulmonary stress test; chronic coronary syndrome

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MDPI and ACS Style

Drugescu, A.; Gavril, R.S.; Zota, I.M.; Costache, A.D.; Gavril, O.I.; Roca, M.; Vasilcu, T.F.; Mitu, O.; Leon, M.M.; Dimitriu, D.C.; et al. Inflammatory and Fibrosis Parameters Predicting CPET Performance in Males with Recent Elective PCI for Chronic Coronary Syndrome. Life 2025, 15, 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040510

AMA Style

Drugescu A, Gavril RS, Zota IM, Costache AD, Gavril OI, Roca M, Vasilcu TF, Mitu O, Leon MM, Dimitriu DC, et al. Inflammatory and Fibrosis Parameters Predicting CPET Performance in Males with Recent Elective PCI for Chronic Coronary Syndrome. Life. 2025; 15(4):510. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040510

Chicago/Turabian Style

Drugescu, Andrei, Radu Sebastian Gavril, Ioana Mădălina Zota, Alexandru Dan Costache, Oana Irina Gavril, Mihai Roca, Teodor Flaviu Vasilcu, Ovidiu Mitu, Maria Magdalena Leon, Daniela Cristina Dimitriu, and et al. 2025. "Inflammatory and Fibrosis Parameters Predicting CPET Performance in Males with Recent Elective PCI for Chronic Coronary Syndrome" Life 15, no. 4: 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040510

APA Style

Drugescu, A., Gavril, R. S., Zota, I. M., Costache, A. D., Gavril, O. I., Roca, M., Vasilcu, T. F., Mitu, O., Leon, M. M., Dimitriu, D. C., Ghiciuc, C. M., & Mitu, F. (2025). Inflammatory and Fibrosis Parameters Predicting CPET Performance in Males with Recent Elective PCI for Chronic Coronary Syndrome. Life, 15(4), 510. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15040510

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