New Design of Composite Structures Used in Automotive Engineering
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- The first class of composite test specimens are made of polyester resin, reinforced with 5 layers of fiberglass fabric, which we call RT-800, with a specific mass of 845g/m2. After deposition of the five layers, the material was allowed to polymerize at ambient temperature. From the first material, specimens with a thickness of 4.5 mm were made.
- The second material tested was also made of polyester resin, reinforced with 7 layers of fiberglass fabric with a specific mass of 845g/m2. These two types of materials were made of the same constituents, differing only in the number of layers of fiberglass fabric used. The specimens made of the second material had a thickness of 6 mm.
- The third material subjected to bending tests was a material made of polyester resin, of the “sandwich” type, made of layers of fiberglass fabric, but also composed of coremat. The specimens obtained from this material have a thickness of 8 mm.
- The fourth material is fiberglass in the form of mat was used to reinforce a plate of polyester resin. Fifteen layers of mat were used to make this composite.
- The fifth material tested was made of epoxy resin, reinforced with five layers of carbon fiber fabrics and one layer of polyester. These specimens suffered total ruptures, only one showing detachments between the layers. It could rather be said that these specimens were broken during the bending tests.
Design of the Door
3. Modeling and Experimental Research of the Car Door
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- each sheet is shaped in the form of a continuous, linear elastic medium. The theory does not include cracks, air gaps, etc;
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- the laminates are orthotropic, parallel, and perfectly glued to each other;
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- the fibers are not examined in isolation from the matrix or the adhesive layer (interface effects are neglected);
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- the individual layers are ideally glued to each other. In case of application of loads, no relative slips appear;
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- the materials behave linearly, ideally elastic, i.e., for each individual layer the laws of linear elasticity are valid;
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- the connections between the components of a mechanical assembly are relatively difficult to make;
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- the damping of the mechanical system is generally ignored.
3.1. Test Stand for Car Structure
3.2. Experimental Research of a Classical Metal Structure
3.3. Experimental Research of a Structure Made of Composite Materials
4. Discussions Comparative Evaluation of Solution
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Type of Structure | Test Temperature | Bending Load at Break | |
---|---|---|---|---|
°C | σ [MPa] | |||
Min | Max | |||
Fiberglass | Fiber fabric | at 20 °C | 22.23 | 38.90 |
Fabric + coremat | at 20 °C | 5.85 | 8.81 | |
Mat layer | at 20 °C | 22.15 | 23.69 | |
at 50 °C | 16.41 | 17.15 | ||
at 65 °C | 1.49 | 2.31 | ||
at 20 °C after heating to 100 °C | 19.51 | 22.25 | ||
Carbon fiber | at 20 °C | 52.95 | 77.87 |
Compression | Traction | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Force [N] | Deformation [mm] | Force [N] | Deformation [mm] | |
Metal door | 549.24 | 3.13 | 240.89 | 5.93 |
Composite door | 70.71 | 3.24 | 3.24 | 4.34 |
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Gheorghe, V.; Scutaru, M.L.; Ungureanu, V.B.; Chircan, E.; Ulea, M. New Design of Composite Structures Used in Automotive Engineering. Symmetry 2021, 13, 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030383
Gheorghe V, Scutaru ML, Ungureanu VB, Chircan E, Ulea M. New Design of Composite Structures Used in Automotive Engineering. Symmetry. 2021; 13(3):383. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030383
Chicago/Turabian StyleGheorghe, Vasile, Maria Luminita Scutaru, Virgil Barbu Ungureanu, Eliza Chircan, and Mihai Ulea. 2021. "New Design of Composite Structures Used in Automotive Engineering" Symmetry 13, no. 3: 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030383
APA StyleGheorghe, V., Scutaru, M. L., Ungureanu, V. B., Chircan, E., & Ulea, M. (2021). New Design of Composite Structures Used in Automotive Engineering. Symmetry, 13(3), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13030383