Recognizing Determinants to Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Marketing Arrangements: Building on a Case of Dairy Farming in Rural Kenya
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Kenya’s Dairy Industry
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Case and Study Area Description
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Data Analyses
3. Findings
3.1. Olenguruone Smallholder Households’ Characteristics
3.2. Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Inclination to Specific Outlet
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Marketing Options | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Non-Dairy (Mean) | ODFCS (Mean) | Brookside (Mean) | Brokers (Mean) |
Age | 43.7 | 49.3 | 48.1 | 44.0 |
Family size | 3.9 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
Farm plot size (acres) | 3.3 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 4.0 |
Total annual income (KES) | 239,802.5 | 301,430.5 | 344,298.3 | 262,711.4 |
TLU | 3.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 4.0 |
Dairy TLU | 0.6 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.2 |
Variables | Coef. | St.Err. | t-Value | p-Value | [95% Conf | Interval] | Sig |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brookside | - | . | . | . | . | . | |
ODFCS | |||||||
Farm plot size (acres) | 0.39 | 0.242 | 1.61 | 0.107 | −0.084 | 0.864 | |
Dairy TLUs | −0.763 | 0.334 | −2.28 | 0.022 | −1.418 | −0.108 | ** |
Annual Income (KES) | −0.157 | 0.205 | −0.76 | 0.445 | −0.56 | 0.246 | |
Brokers | |||||||
Farm plot size (acres) | −0.442 | 0.3 | −1.47 | 0.141 | −1.03 | 0.146 | |
Dairy TLUs | −0.902 | 0.457 | −1.97 | 0.048 | −1.798 | −0.006 | ** |
Annual Income (KES) | 0.009 | 0.263 | 0.03 | 0.973 | −0.506 | 0.524 | |
Mean dependent var | 0.972 | SD dependent var | 0.604 | ||||
Pseudo r-squared | 0.048 | Number of obs | 250.000 | ||||
Chi-square | 21.951 | Prob > chi2 | 0.001 | ||||
Akaike crit. (AIC) | 447.505 | Bayesian crit. (BIC) | 475.677 |
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Wangu, J.; Mangnus, E.; van Westen, A.C.M. Recognizing Determinants to Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Marketing Arrangements: Building on a Case of Dairy Farming in Rural Kenya. Land 2021, 10, 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060572
Wangu J, Mangnus E, van Westen ACM. Recognizing Determinants to Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Marketing Arrangements: Building on a Case of Dairy Farming in Rural Kenya. Land. 2021; 10(6):572. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060572
Chicago/Turabian StyleWangu, James, Ellen Mangnus, and A. C. M. (Guus) van Westen. 2021. "Recognizing Determinants to Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Marketing Arrangements: Building on a Case of Dairy Farming in Rural Kenya" Land 10, no. 6: 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060572
APA StyleWangu, J., Mangnus, E., & van Westen, A. C. M. (2021). Recognizing Determinants to Smallholders’ Market Orientation and Marketing Arrangements: Building on a Case of Dairy Farming in Rural Kenya. Land, 10(6), 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060572