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Review

Some Well-Known Alginate and Chitosan Modifications Used in Adsorption: A Review

by
Asmaa Benettayeb
1,*,
Soumya Ghosh
2,*,
Muhammad Usman
3,*,
Fatima Zohra Seihoub
1,
Ihsanullah Sohoo
4,
Chin Hua Chia
5 and
Mika Sillanpää
6,7,8,9
1
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique et de Catalyse Hétérogène, Département de Génie Chimique, Université de Sciences et de la Technologie-Mohamed Boudiaf, USTO-MB, BP 1505 EL-M’NAOUAR, Oran 31000, Algeria
2
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
3
Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply, Hamburg University of Technology, Am Schwarzenberg-Campus 3, 20173 Hamburg, Germany
4
Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics, Hamburg University of Technology, Blohmstraße 15, 21079 Hamburg, Germany
5
Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
6
Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
7
Zhejiang Rongsheng Environmental Protection Paper Co., Ltd., NO.588 East Zhennan Road, Pinghu Economic Development Zone, Pinghu 314213, China
8
Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
9
Department of Civil Engineering, University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2022, 14(9), 1353; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091353
Submission received: 19 March 2022 / Revised: 11 April 2022 / Accepted: 13 April 2022 / Published: 21 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wastewater Treatment via the Adsorption Method)
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Abstract

Owing to environmental pollution and increasingly strict regulations, heavy metals have attracted the attention of many researchers in various disciplines. Alginate and chitosan derivatives have gained popularity as biosorbents for water treatment. An increase in the number of publications on modified biosorbents for the biosorption of toxic compounds reveals widespread interest in examining the requirements and positive contribution of each modification type. This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of using alginate and chitosan for adsorption. Well-known modifications based on chitosan and alginate, namely, grafting, functionalization, copolymerization and cross-linking, as well as applications in the field of adsorption processes, especially amino acid functionalization, are reviewed. The selection criteria for the best biosorbents and their effectiveness and proposed mechanism of adsorption are discussed critically. In the conclusion, the question of why these adsorbents need modification before use is addressed.
Keywords: sorption; alginate; chitosan; functionalization; copolymerization; cross-linking sorption; alginate; chitosan; functionalization; copolymerization; cross-linking

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MDPI and ACS Style

Benettayeb, A.; Ghosh, S.; Usman, M.; Seihoub, F.Z.; Sohoo, I.; Chia, C.H.; Sillanpää, M. Some Well-Known Alginate and Chitosan Modifications Used in Adsorption: A Review. Water 2022, 14, 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091353

AMA Style

Benettayeb A, Ghosh S, Usman M, Seihoub FZ, Sohoo I, Chia CH, Sillanpää M. Some Well-Known Alginate and Chitosan Modifications Used in Adsorption: A Review. Water. 2022; 14(9):1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091353

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benettayeb, Asmaa, Soumya Ghosh, Muhammad Usman, Fatima Zohra Seihoub, Ihsanullah Sohoo, Chin Hua Chia, and Mika Sillanpää. 2022. "Some Well-Known Alginate and Chitosan Modifications Used in Adsorption: A Review" Water 14, no. 9: 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091353

APA Style

Benettayeb, A., Ghosh, S., Usman, M., Seihoub, F. Z., Sohoo, I., Chia, C. H., & Sillanpää, M. (2022). Some Well-Known Alginate and Chitosan Modifications Used in Adsorption: A Review. Water, 14(9), 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091353

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