Spatial–Temporal Distribution of the Euphausiid Euphausia pacifica and Fish Schools in the Coastal Southwestern East Sea
1
Fisheries Resources Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong 53064, Korea
2
Resources and Environment Research Division, Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63068, Korea
3
Fisheries Resources Management Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Korea
4
Division of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Docter’s Course, Yeosu 59696, Korea
5
Dokdo Fisheries Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Pohang 37709, Korea
6
Department of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Kay Van Damme and Alexey A. Kotov
Water 2022, 14(2), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020203
Received: 30 November 2021
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Revised: 6 January 2022
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Accepted: 9 January 2022
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Published: 11 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Species Richness and Diversity of Aquatic Ecosystems)
The spatial and temporal distribution of euphausiid krill Euphausia pacifica (Crustacea: Malacostraca) and of fish schools were observed along acoustic transects at the southwestern East Sea coastline of Korea. Two-frequency (38- and 120-kHz) acoustic backscatter data were examined from April to July 2010. A decibel identification window (SV 120–38) and school detection algorithm identified Euphausia pacifica and fish schools in the acoustic backscatter, respectively. The E. pacifica was regularly observed in middle of southern waters, where phytoplankton was abundant during spring, and irregularly during summer, when phytoplankton was homogeneously distributed. Using the distorted-wave Born approximation model, the acoustic density we calculated of E. pacifica was higher in spring (April: 75.9 mg m−2, May: 85.3 mg m−2) than in summer (June: 71.4 mg m−2, July: 54.1 mg m−2). The fish schools observed by the acoustic data tended to significantly increase from spring to summer. Although major fish species, such as anchovies and herring, fed on copepods and euphausiids in the survey area, the temporal and spatial distribution of E. pacifica was weakly correlated with the distribution of the fish schools. These findings aid in our understanding of the temporal and spatial distribution dynamics of euphausiids and fish schools in the food web of the coastal southwestern East Sea.
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Keywords:
Euphausia pacifica; acoustic data; distribution; fish school; North Atlantic krill; coastal southwestern East Sea
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MDPI and ACS Style
Lee, H.; Choi, J.; Im, Y.; Oh, W.; Hwang, K.; Lee, K. Spatial–Temporal Distribution of the Euphausiid Euphausia pacifica and Fish Schools in the Coastal Southwestern East Sea. Water 2022, 14, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020203
AMA Style
Lee H, Choi J, Im Y, Oh W, Hwang K, Lee K. Spatial–Temporal Distribution of the Euphausiid Euphausia pacifica and Fish Schools in the Coastal Southwestern East Sea. Water. 2022; 14(2):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020203
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Hyungbeen, Junghwa Choi, Yangjae Im, Wooseok Oh, Kangseok Hwang, and Kyounghoon Lee. 2022. "Spatial–Temporal Distribution of the Euphausiid Euphausia pacifica and Fish Schools in the Coastal Southwestern East Sea" Water 14, no. 2: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14020203
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