Identification of Preferential Runoff Belts in Jinan Spring Basin Based on Hydrological Time-Series Correlation
1
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
2
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
3
Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China
4
Hydrology Center of Shandong, Jinan 250002, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Lahcen Zouhri
Water 2021, 13(22), 3255; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223255
Received: 9 August 2021
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Revised: 12 November 2021
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Accepted: 15 November 2021
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Published: 17 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Methods and Tools for Assessment of Groundwater)
The Jinan karst system is one of the typical karst systems in North China. The karst springs in Jinan are important historical heritage in China. However, in recent years, due to urbanization and the excessive exploitation of groundwater resources in Jinan City, the rate of spring flow has decreased tremendously. Preferential runoff belts are channels of karst aquifers where fractures and conduits are well-developed and serve as the main pathways for groundwater movement and solute transport. In view of this, a study was conducted in the Jinan Spring Basin to identify preferential runoff belts based on hydrological time-series correlation. Firstly, through cross wavelet transform and Pearson correlation coefficient, the time-lag and correlation of spring water level and precipitation were analyzed, the result show that the precipitation in the areas of Xinglong, Donghongmiao, Qiujiazhuang, Xiying, Yanzishan and Liubu stations has a greater impact on spring water level. In addition, combined with the hydrogeological conditions of the Jinan Spring Basin, the above stations meet the characteristics of the preferential runoff belt. In conclusion, the above stations are most likely to be located on the preferential runoff belt. The results of this study can serve as great reference points for building a correct hydrogeological conceptual model, and for the future planning of spring protection measures.
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Keywords:
Jinan Spring Basin; preferential runoff belt; hydrological time-series analysis; wavelet analysis; time-lag; correlation coefficient
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MDPI and ACS Style
Niu, S.; Shu, L.; Li, H.; Xiang, H.; Wang, X.; Opoku, P.A.; Li, Y. Identification of Preferential Runoff Belts in Jinan Spring Basin Based on Hydrological Time-Series Correlation. Water 2021, 13, 3255. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223255
AMA Style
Niu S, Shu L, Li H, Xiang H, Wang X, Opoku PA, Li Y. Identification of Preferential Runoff Belts in Jinan Spring Basin Based on Hydrological Time-Series Correlation. Water. 2021; 13(22):3255. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223255
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiu, Shuyao, Longcang Shu, Hu Li, Hua Xiang, Xin Wang, Portia A. Opoku, and Yuxi Li. 2021. "Identification of Preferential Runoff Belts in Jinan Spring Basin Based on Hydrological Time-Series Correlation" Water 13, no. 22: 3255. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223255
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