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Volume 13
Issue 13
10.3390/w13131870
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Article

Advances in Egyptian Mediterranean Coast Climate Change Monitoring

by
Matteo Gentilucci
1,*,
Abdelraouf A. Moustafa
2,
Fagr Kh. Abdel-Gawad
3,
Samira R. Mansour
2,
Maria Rosaria Coppola
4,
Lidia Caserta
4,
Sara Inglese
4,
Gilberto Pambianchi
1 and
Giulia Guerriero
4,5,*
1
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
3
Centre of Research and Applied Studies on Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Water Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
4
Comparative Endocrinology Laboratories (EClab), Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
5
Interdepartmental Research Center for Environment (I.R.C.Env.), University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: José Luis Sánchez-Lizaso
Water 2021, 13(13), 1870; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131870
Received: 9 May 2021 / Revised: 24 June 2021 / Accepted: 30 June 2021 / Published: 5 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate Impact on Sustainability of Aquatic Organisms)
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Abstract

This paper characterizes non-indigenous fish species (NIS) and analyses both atmospheric and sea surface temperatures for the Mediterranean coast of Egypt from 1991 to 2020, in relation to previous reports in the same areas. Taxonomical characterization depicts 47 NIS from the Suez Canal (Lessepsian/alien) and 5 from the Atlantic provenance. GenBank accession number of the NIS mitochondrial gene, cytochrome oxidase 1, reproductive and commercial biodata, and a schematic Inkscape drawing for the most harmful Lessepsian species were reported. For sea surface temperatures (SST), an increase of 1.2 °C to 1.6 °C was observed using GIS software. The lack of linear correlation between annual air temperature and annual SST at the same detection points (Pearson r) could suggest a difference in submarine currents, whereas the Pettitt homogeneity test highlights a temperature breakpoint in 2005–2006 that may have favoured the settlement of non-indigenous fauna in the coastal sites of Damiette, El Arish, El Hammam, Alexandria, El Alamain, and Mersa Matruh, while there seems to be a breakpoint present in 2001 for El Sallum. This assessment of climate trends is in good agreement with the previous sightings of non-native fish species. New insights into the assessment of Egyptian coastal climate change are discussed. View Full-Text
Keywords: global warming; marine biological pollution; Egyptian Mediterranean Harbours; atmospheric and sea surface temperature; harmful NIS discrimination tools global warming; marine biological pollution; Egyptian Mediterranean Harbours; atmospheric and sea surface temperature; harmful NIS discrimination tools
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gentilucci, M.; Moustafa, A.A.; Abdel-Gawad, F.K.; Mansour, S.R.; Coppola, M.R.; Caserta, L.; Inglese, S.; Pambianchi, G.; Guerriero, G. Advances in Egyptian Mediterranean Coast Climate Change Monitoring. Water 2021, 13, 1870. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131870

AMA Style

Gentilucci M, Moustafa AA, Abdel-Gawad FK, Mansour SR, Coppola MR, Caserta L, Inglese S, Pambianchi G, Guerriero G. Advances in Egyptian Mediterranean Coast Climate Change Monitoring. Water. 2021; 13(13):1870. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131870

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gentilucci, Matteo, Abdelraouf A. Moustafa, Fagr Kh. Abdel-Gawad, Samira R. Mansour, Maria Rosaria Coppola, Lidia Caserta, Sara Inglese, Gilberto Pambianchi, and Giulia Guerriero. 2021. "Advances in Egyptian Mediterranean Coast Climate Change Monitoring" Water 13, no. 13: 1870. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131870

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