On the Use of Benford’s Law to Assess the Quality of the Data Provided by Lightning Locating Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Benford’s Law
2.2. Data
2.3. Data Preprocessing
2.4. Metric
- if and only if
2.5. Code
2.6. Selection of the Size of the Time Slice
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
LLS | Lightning Locating System |
EUCLID | European Cooperation for Lightning Detection |
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All | Cloud-to-Ground | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Events | Cloud | Cloud-to-Ground | Positive | Negative | |
Global Avg | 100% | 75% | 25% | 10% | 90% |
2000–2004 | 3,924,380 | 346,207 | 3,578,173 | 441,310 | 3,136,863 |
(100%) | (8.82%) | (91.2%) | (12.3%) | (87.7%) | |
2010–2014 | 4,660,586 | 1,824,429 | 2,836,157 | 424,631 | 2,411,526 |
(100%) | (39.1%) | (60.9%) | (15.0%) | (85.0%) | |
2016–2020 | 9,892,750 | 7,742,915 | 2,149,835 | 195,893 | 1,953,942 |
(100%) | (78.3%) | (21.7%) | (9.11%) | (90.9%) |
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Mansouri, E.; Mostajabi, A.; Schulz, W.; Diendorfer, G.; Rubinstein, M.; Rachidi, F. On the Use of Benford’s Law to Assess the Quality of the Data Provided by Lightning Locating Systems. Atmosphere 2022, 13, 552. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040552
Mansouri E, Mostajabi A, Schulz W, Diendorfer G, Rubinstein M, Rachidi F. On the Use of Benford’s Law to Assess the Quality of the Data Provided by Lightning Locating Systems. Atmosphere. 2022; 13(4):552. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040552
Chicago/Turabian StyleMansouri, Ehsan, Amirhosein Mostajabi, Wolfgang Schulz, Gerhard Diendorfer, Marcos Rubinstein, and Farhad Rachidi. 2022. "On the Use of Benford’s Law to Assess the Quality of the Data Provided by Lightning Locating Systems" Atmosphere 13, no. 4: 552. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040552
APA StyleMansouri, E., Mostajabi, A., Schulz, W., Diendorfer, G., Rubinstein, M., & Rachidi, F. (2022). On the Use of Benford’s Law to Assess the Quality of the Data Provided by Lightning Locating Systems. Atmosphere, 13(4), 552. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040552