Complex Characterization of Fine Fraction and Source Contribution to PM2.5 Mass at an Urban Area in Central Europe
1
Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
2
Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2020, 11(10), 1085; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101085
Received: 10 September 2020 / Revised: 7 October 2020 / Accepted: 8 October 2020 / Published: 13 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elemental Composition, Sources and Health Impacts of Aerosols in Large Urban Areas)
It is well documented that Southern Poland is one of the most polluted areas in Europe due to the highest airborne concentrations of particulate matter (PM). Concentrations of fine particles are especially high in winter. Apart from detailed number concentrations, it is essential to accurately identify and quantify specific particulate pollution sources. Only a few Polish research centers are involved in such experiments—among them is Krakow research group. For the most part, research focuses on collecting 24-h average samples from stationary PM samplers at ambient monitoring sites and quantifying the specific elements and chemical constituents in PM. This approach includes modeling methods that can use the variability in physical and chemical PM characteristics as an input dataset to identify possible sources of the particles. The objective of this paper is to provide research results based on data collected from June 2018 to May 2019 from a single monitoring station at a central urban site. Careful comparison of data obtained prior to a 2019 law prohibiting solid fuel burning in the city of Krakow with data (2019–2020) when a regulation went into effect should indicate progress by noting lower PM levels. This work has shown that the method applied and Krakow results might be of interest to the broader community in regions of high PM concentration.
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Keywords:
PM2.5; EDXRF; ions; mineral fraction; PMF
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MDPI and ACS Style
Samek, L.; Turek-Fijak, A.; Skiba, A.; Furman, P.; Styszko, K.; Furman, L.; Stegowski, Z. Complex Characterization of Fine Fraction and Source Contribution to PM2.5 Mass at an Urban Area in Central Europe. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1085.
AMA Style
Samek L, Turek-Fijak A, Skiba A, Furman P, Styszko K, Furman L, Stegowski Z. Complex Characterization of Fine Fraction and Source Contribution to PM2.5 Mass at an Urban Area in Central Europe. Atmosphere. 2020; 11(10):1085.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamek, Lucyna; Turek-Fijak, Anna; Skiba, Alicja; Furman, Przemyslaw; Styszko, Katarzyna; Furman, Leszek; Stegowski, Zdzislaw. 2020. "Complex Characterization of Fine Fraction and Source Contribution to PM2.5 Mass at an Urban Area in Central Europe" Atmosphere 11, no. 10: 1085.
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