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Volume 11
Issue 9
10.3390/genes11091090
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Article

Deletion in the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome Gene TTC8 Results in a Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in Dogs

by
Suvi Mäkeläinen
1,
Minas Hellsand
2,
Anna Darlene van der Heiden
1,
Elina Andersson
3,
Elina Thorsson
3,
Bodil S. Holst
4,
Jens Häggström
4,
Ingrid Ljungvall
4,
Cathryn Mellersh
5,
Finn Hallböök
2,
Göran Andersson
1,
Björn Ekesten
4 and
Tomas F. Bergström
1,*
1
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7023, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
2
Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
3
Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7028, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
4
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
5
Canine Genetics Research Group, Kennel Club Genetics Centre, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, CB8 7UU Suffolk, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2020, 11(9), 1090; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11091090
Received: 25 August 2020 / Revised: 12 September 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 / Published: 18 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Basis of Inherited Diseases in Companion Animals)
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Abstract

In golden retriever dogs, a 1 bp deletion in the canine TTC8 gene has been shown to cause progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), the canine equivalent of retinitis pigmentosa. In humans, TTC8 is also implicated in Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS). To investigate if the affected dogs only exhibit a non-syndromic PRA or develop a syndromic ciliopathy similar to human BBS, we recruited 10 affected dogs to the study. The progression of PRA for two of the dogs was followed for 2 years, and a rigorous clinical characterization allowed a careful comparison with primary and secondary characteristics of human BBS. In addition to PRA, the dogs showed a spectrum of clinical and morphological signs similar to primary and secondary characteristics of human BBS patients, such as obesity, renal anomalies, sperm defects, and anosmia. We used Oxford Nanopore long-read cDNA sequencing to characterize retinal full-length TTC8 transcripts in affected and non-affected dogs, the results of which suggest that three isoforms are transcribed in the retina, and the 1 bp deletion is a loss-of-function mutation, resulting in a canine form of Bardet–Biedl syndrome with heterogeneous clinical signs. View Full-Text
Keywords: Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS); primary cilia; ciliopathy; BBS8; progressive retinal atrophy (PRA); retinitis pigmentosa Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS); primary cilia; ciliopathy; BBS8; progressive retinal atrophy (PRA); retinitis pigmentosa
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MDPI and ACS Style

Mäkeläinen, S.; Hellsand, M.; van der Heiden, A.D.; Andersson, E.; Thorsson, E.; S. Holst, B.; Häggström, J.; Ljungvall, I.; Mellersh, C.; Hallböök, F.; Andersson, G.; Ekesten, B.; Bergström, T.F. Deletion in the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome Gene TTC8 Results in a Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in Dogs. Genes 2020, 11, 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11091090

AMA Style

Mäkeläinen S, Hellsand M, van der Heiden AD, Andersson E, Thorsson E, S. Holst B, Häggström J, Ljungvall I, Mellersh C, Hallböök F, Andersson G, Ekesten B, Bergström TF. Deletion in the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome Gene TTC8 Results in a Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in Dogs. Genes. 2020; 11(9):1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11091090

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mäkeläinen, Suvi, Minas Hellsand, Anna D. van der Heiden, Elina Andersson, Elina Thorsson, Bodil S. Holst, Jens Häggström, Ingrid Ljungvall, Cathryn Mellersh, Finn Hallböök, Göran Andersson, Björn Ekesten, and Tomas F. Bergström. 2020. "Deletion in the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome Gene TTC8 Results in a Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in Dogs" Genes 11, no. 9: 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11091090

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