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Article

HPV Infection Affects Human Sperm Functionality by Inhibition of Aquaporin-8

by
Giorgia Pellavio
1,
Federica Todaro
2,
Paola Alberizzi
3,
Claudia Scotti
4,
Giulia Gastaldi
1,5,
Marco Lolicato
4,
Claudia Omes
6,
Laura Caliogna
3,
Rossella E. Nappi
2 and
Umberto Laforenza
1,*
1
Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
2
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
3
IRCCS-Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia I-27100, Italy
4
Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
5
Center for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
6
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2020, 9(5), 1241; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051241
Submission received: 18 March 2020 / Revised: 11 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 / Published: 17 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaporins 2019)
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Abstract

Human sperm cells express different aquaporins (AQPs), AQP3, 7, 8, 11, which are localized both in the plasma membrane and in intracellular structures. Besides cell volume regulation and end stage of cytoplasm removal during sperm maturation, the role of AQPs extends also to reactive oxygen species (ROS) elimination. Moreover, oxidative stress has been shown to inhibit AQP-mediated H2O2 permeability. A decrease in AQPs functionality is related to a decrease in sperm cells number and motility. Here we investigate the possible effect of human Papillomavirus (HPV) on both expression and function of AQPs in human sperm cells of patients undergoing infertility couple evaluation. Stopped-flow light-scattering experiments demonstrated that HPV infection heavily reduced water permeability of sperm cells in normospermic samples. Confocal immunofluorescence experiments showed a colocalization of HPV L1 protein with AQP8 (Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.61), confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. No interaction of HPV with AQP3 and AQP7 was observed. A 3D model simulation of L1 protein and AQP8 interaction was also performed. Present findings may suggest that HPV infection directly inhibits AQP8 functionality and probably makes sperm cells more sensitive to oxidative stress.
Keywords: water channel; oxidative stress; sterility; sperm motility; aquaporin water channel; oxidative stress; sterility; sperm motility; aquaporin
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MDPI and ACS Style

Pellavio, G.; Todaro, F.; Alberizzi, P.; Scotti, C.; Gastaldi, G.; Lolicato, M.; Omes, C.; Caliogna, L.; Nappi, R.E.; Laforenza, U. HPV Infection Affects Human Sperm Functionality by Inhibition of Aquaporin-8. Cells 2020, 9, 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051241

AMA Style

Pellavio G, Todaro F, Alberizzi P, Scotti C, Gastaldi G, Lolicato M, Omes C, Caliogna L, Nappi RE, Laforenza U. HPV Infection Affects Human Sperm Functionality by Inhibition of Aquaporin-8. Cells. 2020; 9(5):1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051241

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pellavio, Giorgia, Federica Todaro, Paola Alberizzi, Claudia Scotti, Giulia Gastaldi, Marco Lolicato, Claudia Omes, Laura Caliogna, Rossella E. Nappi, and Umberto Laforenza. 2020. "HPV Infection Affects Human Sperm Functionality by Inhibition of Aquaporin-8" Cells 9, no. 5: 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051241

APA Style

Pellavio, G., Todaro, F., Alberizzi, P., Scotti, C., Gastaldi, G., Lolicato, M., Omes, C., Caliogna, L., Nappi, R. E., & Laforenza, U. (2020). HPV Infection Affects Human Sperm Functionality by Inhibition of Aquaporin-8. Cells, 9(5), 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9051241

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