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Volume 15
Issue 7
10.3390/cells15070640
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Review

Peroxiredoxins in Stroke: Friends and Foes

by
Yingfeng Wan
*,
Jingwei Zhang
,
Liheng Bian
,
Xiaoxiao Tan
,
Ting Chen
,
Guohua Xi
,
Ya Hua
,
Aditya S. Pandey
,
Richard F. Keep
and
Sravanthi Koduri
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cells 2026, 15(7), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15070640
Submission received: 3 February 2026 / Revised: 30 March 2026 / Accepted: 31 March 2026 / Published: 2 April 2026
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Abstract

Stroke, a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability, induces complex cascades of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that exacerbate brain injury. The peroxiredoxin (Prx; Prdx) family, composed of six thiol-dependent antioxidant enzymes (Prx1–6), plays a pivotal role in regulating redox homeostasis and immune responses in the brain. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the isoform-specific roles of Prxs in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, highlighting their dual and context-dependent functions. Intracellular Prxs generally protect neurons and maintain blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity, while extracellular Prxs—particularly Prx1 and Prx2—act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), activating toll-like receptor signaling and amplifying inflammation. Isoforms such as Prx3 and Prx4 exhibit mitochondrial and endothelial protective effects, respectively, whereas Prx6 demonstrates complex roles influenced by its acidic, Ca2+-independent, phospholipase A2 (aiPLA2) activity and cellular localization. We also discuss emerging tools for studying Prx biology and explore the translational potential of Prxs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Ultimately, a nuanced understanding of Prx dynamics offers new avenues for stroke diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
Keywords: peroxiredoxin; hemorrhagic stroke; ischemic stroke; oxidative stress; neuroinflammation peroxiredoxin; hemorrhagic stroke; ischemic stroke; oxidative stress; neuroinflammation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wan, Y.; Zhang, J.; Bian, L.; Tan, X.; Chen, T.; Xi, G.; Hua, Y.; Pandey, A.S.; Keep, R.F.; Koduri, S. Peroxiredoxins in Stroke: Friends and Foes. Cells 2026, 15, 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15070640

AMA Style

Wan Y, Zhang J, Bian L, Tan X, Chen T, Xi G, Hua Y, Pandey AS, Keep RF, Koduri S. Peroxiredoxins in Stroke: Friends and Foes. Cells. 2026; 15(7):640. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15070640

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wan, Yingfeng, Jingwei Zhang, Liheng Bian, Xiaoxiao Tan, Ting Chen, Guohua Xi, Ya Hua, Aditya S. Pandey, Richard F. Keep, and Sravanthi Koduri. 2026. "Peroxiredoxins in Stroke: Friends and Foes" Cells 15, no. 7: 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15070640

APA Style

Wan, Y., Zhang, J., Bian, L., Tan, X., Chen, T., Xi, G., Hua, Y., Pandey, A. S., Keep, R. F., & Koduri, S. (2026). Peroxiredoxins in Stroke: Friends and Foes. Cells, 15(7), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15070640

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