High-Voltage Electrostatic Fields Adversely Affect the Performance of Diamondback Moths over Five Consecutive Generations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insect Specimens and Rearing Conditions
2.2. HVEF Treatment
2.3. Life Table Analysis
2.4. Oxidative Stress Assessment
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. HVEF Treatment Adversely Affected Net Reproduction Rate (R0) of P. xylostella
3.2. HVEF Stress Significantly Affected the r of P. xylostella in All Generations
3.3. HVEF Treatment Gradually Prolonged the T of P. xylostella
3.4. HVEF Stress Exerted a Suppressive Effect on Population Growth of P. xylostella
3.5. Effect of HVEF Exposure on Survival and Oviposition Parameters of P. xylostella
3.6. HVEF Exposure Led to Significant Oxidative Damage to Fourth-Instar P. xylostella
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Statistic | Generation | 0 min | 5 min | 10 min | 15 min | 20 min |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
λ | G1 | 1.180 ± 0.006 bXY | 1.164 ± 0.009 bX | 1.192 ± 0.011 aX | 1.223 ± 0.004 abX | 1.190 ± 0.013 abX |
G3 | 1.208 ± 0.011 aX | 1.178 ± 0.001 bX | 1.160 ± 0.009 bY | 1.155 ± 0.007 bY | 1.121 ± 0.009 cY | |
G5 | 1.156 ± 0.010 aY | 1.104 ± 0.003 bY | 1.092 ± 0.005 bZ | 1.137 ± 0.008 aY | 1.139 ± 0.008 aY | |
dt | G1 | 4.191 ± 0.116 abXY | 4.600 ± 0.237 aY | 3.974 ± 0.212 abY | 3.450 ± 0.053 bY | 4.025 ± 0.280 abY |
G3 | 3.686 ± 0.167 cY | 4.230 ± 0.024 bcY | 4.706 ± 0.236 bY | 4.832 ± 0.201 bX | 6.101 ± 0.388 aX | |
G5 | 4.819 ± 0.284 bX | 7.014 ± 0.196 aX | 7.944 ± 0.417 aX | 5.415 ± 0.286 bX | 5.341 ± 0.277 bX |
Generation | Treatment Time (min) | Adult Preoviposition Period (APOP) (d) | Oviposition Period (OP) (d) | Oviposition Days (OD) (d) | Eggs per Day during Oviposition Period | Fecundity per Female |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 0 | 0.77 ± 0.184 aX | 5.66 ± 0.502 aY | 5.23 ± 0.440 aX | 18.866 ± 1.680 abX | 91.714 ± 7.650 aX |
5 | 1.19 ± 0.184 aX | 4.83 ± 0.557 aZ | 4.25 ± 0.501 aY | 16.550 ± 2.272 abX | 74.125 ± 10.856 abX | |
10 | 1.13 ± 0.229 aY | 4.30 ± 0.379 aY | 3.83 ± 0.335 aY | 13.339 ± 1.715 bX | 57.957 ± 8.162 bX | |
15 | 1.24 ± 0.297 aY | 4.51 ± 0.330 aZ | 4.09 ± 0.291 aY | 22.432 ± 2.099 aX | 95.378 ± 7.606 aX | |
20 | 1.04 ± 0.217 aX | 5.12 ± 0.435 aY | 5.23 ± 0.440 aX | 18.145 ± 1.613 abX | 84.049 ± 7.580 abX | |
G3 | 0 | 1.42 ± 0.433 aX | 6.36 ± 0.526 aY | 5.28 ± 0.457 aX | 13.504 ± 1.281 aY | 84.167 ± 8.912 aX |
5 | 2.09 ± 0.401 aX | 7.84 ± 0.709 aY | 5.98 ± 0.504 aXY | 10.156 ± 1.141 abY | 68.911 ± 6.734 abX | |
10 | 2.22 ± 0.462 aXY | 5.70 ± 0.658 aY | 4.91 ± 0.579 aXY | 9.140 ± 1.329 abX | 56.348 ± 10.946 abX | |
15 | 2.52 ± 0.862 aX | 7.52 ± 0.996 aY | 5.87 ± 0.695 aX | 11.087 ± 2.087 abY | 66.565 ± 9.159 abX | |
20 | 1.82 ± 0.440 aX | 5.73 ± 0.715 aXY | 4.64 ± 0.605 aX | 7.608 ± 0.885 bZ | 45.591 ± 8.294 bY | |
G5 | 0 | 0.25 ± 0.083 bX | 8.36 ± 0.853 aX | 6.57 ± 0.791 aX | 13.253 ± 1.609 aY | 105.143 ± 13.774 aX |
5 | 1.33 ± 0.211 bX | 10.52 ± 1.133 aX | 7.24 ± 0.828 aX | 8.446 ± 0.857 aY | 79.476 ± 9.600 aX | |
10 | 2.95 ± 0.671 aX | 7.50 ± 0.947 aX | 5.70 ± 0.758 aX | 8.688 ± 1.256 aX | 64.500 ± 9.876 aX | |
15 | 0.60 ± 0.212 bY | 9.77 ± 0.956 aX | 7.27 ± 0.733 aX | 9.467 ± 1.369 aY | 89.000 ± 12.100 aX | |
20 | 1.55 ± 0.652 bX | 7.4 ± 0.868 aX | 6.21 ± 0.609 aX | 12.240 ± 1.280 aY | 87.000 ± 10.787 aX |
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Jia, L.; Xu, S.; Shang, H.; Guo, J.; Yan, X.; Liu, C.; Li, G.; Luo, K. High-Voltage Electrostatic Fields Adversely Affect the Performance of Diamondback Moths over Five Consecutive Generations. Agronomy 2023, 13, 1008. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041008
Jia L, Xu S, Shang H, Guo J, Yan X, Liu C, Li G, Luo K. High-Voltage Electrostatic Fields Adversely Affect the Performance of Diamondback Moths over Five Consecutive Generations. Agronomy. 2023; 13(4):1008. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041008
Chicago/Turabian StyleJia, Li, Shicai Xu, Huanzhang Shang, Jiao Guo, Xia Yan, Changhai Liu, Guangwei Li, and Kun Luo. 2023. "High-Voltage Electrostatic Fields Adversely Affect the Performance of Diamondback Moths over Five Consecutive Generations" Agronomy 13, no. 4: 1008. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041008