Testing a Bovine Blood-Derived Compound as Iron Supply on Cucumis sativus L.
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents and Products
2.2. Recovery Assay
2.3. Assay on Fe-Reduction Capacity
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Recovery Assays
3.2. Fe Reduction by Roots and Root Exudates
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Iron Source | Molar Absorptivity Coefficients/L mol−1 cm−1 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
a370 | a400 | a480 | a535 | |
(BPDS)3/Fe2+ | 1.79 × 103 | 4.11 × 103 | 1.73 × 104 | 2.26 × 104 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 1.19 × 103 | 2.25 × 103 | 5.05 × 103 | 3.33 × 103 |
EDTA/Fe3+ | 8.73 × 102 | 3.98 × 102 | 2.05 × 102 | 1.88 × 102 |
Fe-heme | 4.35 × 104 | 1.04 × 104 | 4.41 × 104 | 1.33 × 104 |
Treatments | FW/g | N° Leaves | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Root | Stem | Leaves | Single Leaf | ||
−Fe | 2.9 ± 0.9 b | 1.0 ± 0.1 b | 0.63 ± 0.09 b | 1.3 ± 0.7 b | 0.38 ± 0.19 b | 3.3 ± 0.5 b |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 7.1 ± 3.2 a | 2.9 ± 1.3 a | 0.94 ± 0.39 a | 3.2 ± 1.6 a | 0.61 ± 0.18 a | 5.2 ± 1.5 a |
EDTA/Fe3+ | 5.9 ± 2.5 ab | 2.4 ± 1.2 ab | 0.76 ± 0.18 ab | 2.7 ± 1.6 a | 0.56 ± 0.21 ab | 4.7 ± 1.4 ab |
Fe-heme | 4.5 ± 2.6 ab | 1.5 ± 1.3 b | 0.77 ± 0.36 ab | 2.2 ± 1.1 ab | 0.46 ± 0.17 ab | 4.8 ± 1.0 a |
Significance | ** | **** | * | ** | *** | ** |
Treatments | DW/g | |||||
Total | Root | Stem | Leaves | - | ||
−Fe | 0.31 ± 0.10 b | 0.058 ± 0.021 b | 0.045 ± 0.011 b | 0.21 ± 0.07 b | - | |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.59 ± 0.22 a | 0.104 ± 0.042 a | 0.069 ± 0.027 ab | 0.42 ± 0.18 a | - | |
EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.48 ± 0.18 ab | 0.085 ± 0.024 ab | 0.057 ± 0.012 ab | 0.34 ± 0.16 ab | - | |
Fe-heme | 0.45 ± 0.14 ab | 0.064 ± 0.032 b | 0.081 ± 0.013 a | 0.31 ± 0.10 ab | - | |
Significance | ** | ** | *** | ** | - |
Time (h) | Fe Source | Total Fe-Reduction (µmolFe g−1 h−1) Slope ± Error [R2] | Fe Reduction by Root Exudates (µmolFe g−1 h−1) Slope ± Error [R2] | % Fe Reduction by Roots |
---|---|---|---|---|
pH = 6.0 | ||||
1/3 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.595 ± 0.024 [0.892] | 0.094 ± 0.025 [0.289] | 84.2 ± 4.8 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.203 ± 0.032 [0.642] | 0.086 ± 0.026 [0.422] | 57.6 ± 19.5 | |
Fe-heme | 0.143 ± 0.038 [0.243] | 0.053 ± 0.041 [0.437] | 62.9 ± 38.5 | |
1 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.611 ± 0.011 [0.968] | 0.047 ± 0.008 [0.420] | 92.3 ± 1.5 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.239 ± 0.032 [0.609] | 0.043 ± 0.008 [0.565] | 82.0 ± 5.8 | |
Fe-heme | 0.077 ± 0.012 [0.408] | 0.025 ± 0.018 [0.454] | 67.5 ± 28.4 | |
2 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.560 ± 0.008 [0.974] | 0.027 ± 0.004 [0.437] | 95.2 ± 0.8 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.185 ± 0.018 [0.667] | 0.034 ± 0.004 [0.680] | 81.6 ± 4.0 | |
Fe-heme | 0.049 ± 0.006 [0.502] | 0.017 ± 0.008 [0.702] | 65.3 ± 20.6 | |
pH = 7.5 | ||||
1/3 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.225 ± 0.031 [0.636] | 0.138 ± 0.039 [0.257] | 38.7 ± 25.8 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.110 ± 0.025 [0.500] | 0.065 ± 0.017 [0.506] | 40.9 ± 28.9 | |
Fe-heme | 0.076 ± 0.032 [0.140] | 0.063 ± 0.027 [0.204] | 17.1 ± 70.4 | |
1 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.277 ± 0.009 [0.919] | 0.089 ± 0.040 [0.318] | 67.9 ± 15.5 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.083 ± 0.015 [0.515] | 0.030 ± 0.007 [0.482] | 63.9 ± 15.0 | |
Fe-heme | 0.051 ± 0.013 [0.369] | 0.041 ± 0.013 [0.481] | 19.6 ± 46.0 | |
2 | EDTA/Fe3+ | 0.328 ± 0.006 [0.962] | 0.085 ± 0.021 [0.395] | 74.1 ± 6.9 |
o,oEDDHA/Fe3+ | 0.067 ± 0.009 [0.581] | 0.020 ± 0.004 [0.500] | 70.2 ± 10.0 | |
Fe-heme | 0.060 ± 0.005 [0.766] | 0.034 ± 0.007 [0.631] | 43.3 ± 16.4 |
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Di Foggia, M.; Yunta-Mezquita, F.; Tugnoli, V.; Rombolà, A.D.; Lucena, J.J. Testing a Bovine Blood-Derived Compound as Iron Supply on Cucumis sativus L. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101480
Di Foggia M, Yunta-Mezquita F, Tugnoli V, Rombolà AD, Lucena JJ. Testing a Bovine Blood-Derived Compound as Iron Supply on Cucumis sativus L. Agronomy. 2020; 10(10):1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101480
Chicago/Turabian StyleDi Foggia, Michele, Felipe Yunta-Mezquita, Vitaliano Tugnoli, Adamo Domenico Rombolà, and Juan José Lucena. 2020. "Testing a Bovine Blood-Derived Compound as Iron Supply on Cucumis sativus L." Agronomy 10, no. 10: 1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101480