Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Membrane Preparation
2.2. Cross-Linking
2.3. Structure Characterization
2.4. Swelling Properties
2.5. Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC)
2.6. OH− Conductivity
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemical Structure
3.2. Morphology
3.3. Thermal Analysis
3.4. Mechanical Properties
3.5. Water Uptake and Swelling Degree
3.6. Ion-Exchange Capacity and OH− Conductivity
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NZ Content (%) | IEC (mmol·g−1) | WU (%) | SD (%) | TS (MPa) | Eb (%) | (mS·cm−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.54 | 102 | 43 | 6.73 | 138.32 | 27.3 |
1.0 | 0.52 | 93 | 43 | 7.21 | 134.34 | 28.3 |
1.5 | 0.52 | 89 | 42 | 10.87 | 245.27 | 31.6 |
2.0 | 0.57 | 84 | 40 | 10.13 | 207.64 | 26.5 |
2.5 | 0.52 | 73 | 29 | 13.96 | 228.87 | 28.9 |
Materials | IEC (mmol·g−1) | Conductivity (mS·cm−1) | References |
---|---|---|---|
QPVA/HDT | 0.73 | 4.84 (30 °C) | [42] |
QPVA/CS/MoS2 | 0.89 | 32 (25 °C) | [43] |
QPVA/QCS | 1.75 | 16 (25 °C) | [34] |
CS/PVA/GO | 0.38 | 0.19 (25 °C) | [44] |
PVA/PDDA | 0.85 | 25 (25 °C) | [35] |
PVA/PAADDA | 1.63 | 3 (25 °C) | [45] |
QPVA/Q-SiO2 | 0.65 | 2.37 (25 °C) | [38] |
PVA/PDDA/MWNT | 0.89 | 30.3 (30 °C) | [28] |
PVA/PDDA/ZrO2 | 0.54 | 31.6 (RT) | This work |
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Samsudin, A.M.; Hacker, V. Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells. Polymers 2019, 11, 1399. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091399
Samsudin AM, Hacker V. Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells. Polymers. 2019; 11(9):1399. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091399
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamsudin, Asep Muhamad, and Viktor Hacker. 2019. "Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells" Polymers 11, no. 9: 1399. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11091399