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10.3390/cryst11080908
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Article

Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response

by
Fabrizio Ciciulla
1,
Annamaria Zaltron
2,
Riccardo Zamboni
2,3,
Cinzia Sada
2,
Francesco Simoni
1,4,*,
Victor Yu. Reshetnyak
5 and
Liana Lucchetti
1
1
Dipartimento SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
2
Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
3
Institute of Applied Physics, University of Muenster, 48159 Münster, Germany
4
Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli Napoli, Italy
5
Physics Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2021, 11(8), 908; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080908
Submission received: 6 July 2021 / Revised: 29 July 2021 / Accepted: 29 July 2021 / Published: 2 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 2nd International Online Conference on Crystals)
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Abstract

In this study, we present a new configuration of the recently reported optofluidic platform exploiting liquid crystals reorientation in lithium niobate channels. In order to avoid the threshold behaviour observed in the optical control of the device, we propose microchannels realized in a x-cut crystal closed by a z-cut crystal on the top. In this way, the light-induced photovoltaic field is not uniform inside the liquid crystal layer and therefore the conditions for a thresholdless reorientation are realized. We performed simulations of the photovoltaic effect based on the well assessed model for Lithium Niobate, showing that not uniform orientation and value of the field should be expected inside the microchannel. In agreement with the re-orientational properties of nematic liquid crystals, experimental data confirm the expected thresholdless behaviour. The observed liquid crystal response exhibits two different regimes and the response time shows an unusual dependence on light intensity, both features indicating the presence of additional photo-induced fields appearing above a light intensity of 107 W/m2.
Keywords: lithium niobate; liquid crystals; threshold-less response; photovoltaic; optofluidics lithium niobate; liquid crystals; threshold-less response; photovoltaic; optofluidics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ciciulla, F.; Zaltron, A.; Zamboni, R.; Sada, C.; Simoni, F.; Reshetnyak, V.Y.; Lucchetti, L. Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response. Crystals 2021, 11, 908. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080908

AMA Style

Ciciulla F, Zaltron A, Zamboni R, Sada C, Simoni F, Reshetnyak VY, Lucchetti L. Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response. Crystals. 2021; 11(8):908. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080908

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ciciulla, Fabrizio, Annamaria Zaltron, Riccardo Zamboni, Cinzia Sada, Francesco Simoni, Victor Yu. Reshetnyak, and Liana Lucchetti. 2021. "Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response" Crystals 11, no. 8: 908. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080908

APA Style

Ciciulla, F., Zaltron, A., Zamboni, R., Sada, C., Simoni, F., Reshetnyak, V. Y., & Lucchetti, L. (2021). Optofluidic Platform Based on Liquid Crystals in X-Cut Lithium Niobate: Thresholdless All-Optical Response. Crystals, 11(8), 908. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080908

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