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Crystals
Volume 11
Issue 3
10.3390/cryst11030279
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Article

Effects of Synthesis Parameters on the Crystallization Profile and Morphological Properties of SAPO-5 Templated by 1-Benzyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Hydroxide

by
Ismail Alhassan Auwal
1,2,
Fitri Khoerunnisa
3,
Florent Dubray
4,
Svetlana Mintova
4,
Tau Chuan Ling
5,
Ka-Lun Wong
6,7,* and
Eng-Poh Ng
1,*
1
School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
2
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sule Lamido University, PMB 048 Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria
3
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Setiabudi 229, Bandung-40154, West Java, Indonesia
4
ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France
5
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
6
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Malaysia
7
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2021, 11(3), 279; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030279
Submission received: 22 February 2021 / Revised: 6 March 2021 / Accepted: 8 March 2021 / Published: 12 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystal Nucleation and Growth Kinetics)
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Abstract

The formation of SAPO-5 molecular sieves is studied under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of a new templating agent, 1-benzyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium hydroxide ([bzmIm]OH). The syntheses were carried out by varying the synthesis parameters, viz. crystallization temperature, heating time and reactants molar composition (SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, [bzmIm]+, H2O) in order to investigate the role of each synthesis parameter on the formation of SAPO-5. The results showed that these synthesis parameters had significant influences on the entire crystallization process (induction, nucleation, crystal growth, and Ostwald ripening) and physicochemical properties of SAPO-5 (morphology and crystal size). Moreover, this study also demonstrated a fast hydrothermal synthesis approach where a SAPO-5 molecular sieve with hexagonal prism morphology could be crystallized within 10 h instead of days using a novel [bzmIm]OH heterocyclic template, thus offering an alternative route for synthesizing zeolite-like materials for advanced applications.
Keywords: SAPO-5; microporous material; hydrothermal synthesis; imidazolium template; crystallization process SAPO-5; microporous material; hydrothermal synthesis; imidazolium template; crystallization process
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MDPI and ACS Style

Auwal, I.A.; Khoerunnisa, F.; Dubray, F.; Mintova, S.; Ling, T.C.; Wong, K.-L.; Ng, E.-P. Effects of Synthesis Parameters on the Crystallization Profile and Morphological Properties of SAPO-5 Templated by 1-Benzyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Hydroxide. Crystals 2021, 11, 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030279

AMA Style

Auwal IA, Khoerunnisa F, Dubray F, Mintova S, Ling TC, Wong K-L, Ng E-P. Effects of Synthesis Parameters on the Crystallization Profile and Morphological Properties of SAPO-5 Templated by 1-Benzyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Hydroxide. Crystals. 2021; 11(3):279. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030279

Chicago/Turabian Style

Auwal, Ismail Alhassan, Fitri Khoerunnisa, Florent Dubray, Svetlana Mintova, Tau Chuan Ling, Ka-Lun Wong, and Eng-Poh Ng. 2021. "Effects of Synthesis Parameters on the Crystallization Profile and Morphological Properties of SAPO-5 Templated by 1-Benzyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Hydroxide" Crystals 11, no. 3: 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030279

APA Style

Auwal, I. A., Khoerunnisa, F., Dubray, F., Mintova, S., Ling, T. C., Wong, K.-L., & Ng, E.-P. (2021). Effects of Synthesis Parameters on the Crystallization Profile and Morphological Properties of SAPO-5 Templated by 1-Benzyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Hydroxide. Crystals, 11(3), 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030279

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