Effect of Copper Precursors on the Activity and Hydrothermal Stability of CuII−SSZ−13 NH3−SCR Catalysts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Catalytic Activity
2.2. Structure and Morphology
2.2.1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Results
2.2.2. N2 Adsorption Results
2.2.3. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Results
2.2.4. Hydrogen-Temperature-Programmed Reduction (H2−TPR) Results
2.2.5. Ammonia Temperature-Programmed Desorption (NH3−TPD) Results
2.2.6. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Results
2.2.7. NMR Results
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Catalyst Preparation
3.2. Hydrothermal Aging Treatment of Catalysts
3.3. Catalyst Activity Evaluation
3.4. Catalyst Characterization
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Samples | Angle (°) | FWHM | Diameter (nm) | Area (m2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
F−Cl | 20.93 | 0.26 | 30.51 | 3024 |
A−Cl | 20.96 | 0.29 | 27.19 | 1925 |
F−NO3 | 20.69 | 0.29 | 27.93 | 2620 |
A−NO3 | 20.87 | 0.34 | 23.64 | 1761 |
F−SO4 | 20.69 | 0.26 | 31.21 | 2639 |
A−SO4 | - | - | - | - |
Samples | SBET (m2/g) | V (cm3/g) | D (nm) |
---|---|---|---|
F−Cl | 363.99 | 0.15 | 0.77 |
A−Cl | 242.15 | 0.10 | 0.67 |
F−NO3 | 301.64 | 0.13 | 0.65 |
A−NO3 | 145.84 | 0.08 | 0.56 |
F−SO4 | 233.44 | 0.12 | 1.07 |
A−SO4 | 11.64 | 0.01 | 0.49 |
Samples | H2 Consumption (μmol g−1) | Total H2 Consumption (μmol g−1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CuII→CuI (CHA Cages) | CuII→CuI (D6R) | CuII→CuI (Total) | CuI→Cu0 | ||
F−Cl | 53.69 | 28.71 | 82.40 | 163.34 | 245.74 |
A−Cl | 4.32 | 25.56 | 29.88 | 32.89 | 62.77 |
F−NO3 | 34.75 | 136.46 | 171.21 | 152.76 | 323.97 |
A−NO3 | 25.74 | 111.43 | 137.17 | 79.50 | 216.67 |
F−SO4 | 28.61 | 87.35 | 115.96 | 133.87 | 249.83 |
A−SO4 | 4.17 | 58.48 | 62.65 | 0 | 62.65 |
Samples | Adsorbed NH3 Amount (mmol g−1) | Total Amount (mmol g−1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical Adsorption | Weak Lewis Acid Sites | Strong Lewis Acid Sites | Brønsted Acid Sites | ||
F−Cl | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 1.19 |
A−Cl | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.56 |
F−NO3 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.54 | 1.27 |
A−NO3 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.82 |
F−SO4 | 0.18 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.47 | 1.19 |
A−SO4 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.23 | 0.59 |
Samples | Cusur (wt%) | CuII/Cusur | CuII/CuI | Sisur (wt%) | Alsur (wt%) | Si/Alsur |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F−Cl | 0.56 | 0.44 | 0.63 | 6.59 | 3.42 | 1.93 |
A−Cl | 0.29 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 6.30 | 2.66 | 2.37 |
F−NO3 | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.61 | 6.36 | 2.44 | 2.61 |
A−NO3 | 0.57 | 0.17 | 0.39 | 6.66 | 2.95 | 2.26 |
F−SO4 | 0.26 | 0.38 | 0.52 | 6.94 | 2.50 | 2.78 |
A−SO4 | 0.77 | 0.24 | 0.35 | 6.65 | 3.36 | 1.98 |
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Wang, M.; Peng, Z.; Zhang, C.; Liu, M.; Han, L.; Hou, Y.; Huang, Z.; Wang, J.; Bao, W.; Chang, L. Effect of Copper Precursors on the Activity and Hydrothermal Stability of CuII−SSZ−13 NH3−SCR Catalysts. Catalysts 2019, 9, 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9090781
Wang M, Peng Z, Zhang C, Liu M, Han L, Hou Y, Huang Z, Wang J, Bao W, Chang L. Effect of Copper Precursors on the Activity and Hydrothermal Stability of CuII−SSZ−13 NH3−SCR Catalysts. Catalysts. 2019; 9(9):781. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9090781
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Meixin, Zhaoliang Peng, Changming Zhang, Mengmeng Liu, Lina Han, Yaqin Hou, Zhanggen Huang, Jiancheng Wang, Weiren Bao, and Liping Chang. 2019. "Effect of Copper Precursors on the Activity and Hydrothermal Stability of CuII−SSZ−13 NH3−SCR Catalysts" Catalysts 9, no. 9: 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9090781