Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces PD-L1 Expression and an Invasive Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Culture of OSCC Cell Lines
2.2. Western Blotting
2.3. Reverse Transcription PCR
2.4. Cell Proliferation Assay
2.5. Scratch Assay
2.6. Invasion Assay
2.7. Evaluation of Cell Morphology
2.8. Evaluation of Plasticity of Cellular Changes
2.9. Isolation and Characterization of EXOs
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. TLR4 Expression in OSCC Cells
3.2. Evaluation of EMT and pEMT of OSCC Cells following LPS Addition
3.3. Evaluation of Cell Proliferative Ability, Migration Ability, Invasion Ability, and Cell Morphology of OSCC Cells with LPS Addition
3.4. PD-L1 Expression Reversibility of OSCC Cells
3.5. Extraction and Analysis of Exosomes from OSCC Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Omori, Y.; Noguchi, K.; Kitamura, M.; Makihara, Y.; Omae, T.; Hanawa, S.; Yoshikawa, K.; Takaoka, K.; Kishimoto, H. Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces PD-L1 Expression and an Invasive Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers 2024, 16, 343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020343
Omori Y, Noguchi K, Kitamura M, Makihara Y, Omae T, Hanawa S, Yoshikawa K, Takaoka K, Kishimoto H. Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces PD-L1 Expression and an Invasive Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers. 2024; 16(2):343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020343
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmori, Yuji, Kazuma Noguchi, Mizuha Kitamura, Yuna Makihara, Takayuki Omae, Soutaro Hanawa, Kyohei Yoshikawa, Kazuki Takaoka, and Hiromitsu Kishimoto. 2024. "Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces PD-L1 Expression and an Invasive Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells" Cancers 16, no. 2: 343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020343
APA StyleOmori, Y., Noguchi, K., Kitamura, M., Makihara, Y., Omae, T., Hanawa, S., Yoshikawa, K., Takaoka, K., & Kishimoto, H. (2024). Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces PD-L1 Expression and an Invasive Phenotype of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancers, 16(2), 343. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020343