The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Tumor Morphology
3. Molecular Biomarkers
3.1. Genomic Biomarkers
3.2. Proteomic Biomarkers
3.3. Liquid Biopsy and ctDNA
4. Radiomics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Study | CRS Criteria (1 Point for 1 Risk Factor) | Risk Groups |
---|---|---|
Fong [18] | 1. Largest liver metastasis > 5 cm 2. Disease-free interval < 12 months 3. Number of liver metastases > 1 4. Lymph node-positive primary tumor 5. CEA > 200 ng/mL | Low 0–2 pts High 3–5 pts |
Nordlinger [19] | 1. Age > 60 years 2. Serosal invasion of primary tumor (≥pT3) 3. Lymph node-positive primary tumor (pN1) 4. Disease-free interval < 24 months 5. Number of liver metastases > 3 6. Largest liver metastasis > 5 cm | Low 0–2 pts Intermediate 3–4 pts High 5–6 pts |
Nagashima [20] | 1. Serosal invasion of primary tumor (≥pT3) 2. Lymph node-positive primary tumor (pN1) 3. Number of liver metastases ≥ 2 4. Largest liver metastasis ≥ 5 cm 5. Resectable extrahepatic metastases | Low 0–1 pts Intermediate 2–3 pts High ≥4 pts |
Konopke [21] | 1. Number of liver metastases ≥ 4 2. CEA ≥ 200 ng/mL 3. Synchronous liver metastases | Low 0 pts Intermediate 1 pt High ≥2 pts |
Study (Code Identifiers) Location | Trial DesignStatus | Estimated Enrolment (N pts) ctDNA Analysis | Main Characteristics and Inclusion Criteria |
---|---|---|---|
(NCT03844620) USA | Phase II Recruiting | 100 NA |
|
(NCT04831528) China | Phase II Not yet recruiting | 100 NA |
|
FOLICOLOR (NCT04735900) International | NA Recruiting | 60 NPY Methylation |
|
NCT04509635 China | Phase III Not yet recruiting | 50 NA |
|
LIBImAb (NCT04776655) Italy | Phase III Not yet recruiting | 280 KRAS, NRAS, and in BRAFV600 status assessment using the Idylla system (Biocartis) |
|
NCT04224415 China | Phase II Not yet recruiting | 35 RAS/BRAF status assessment |
|
PARERE (NCT04787341) Italy | Phase II Recruiting | 214 IdyllaTM ctKRAS-NRAS-BRAF Mutation Test |
|
NCT04775862 Saudi Arabia | Phase II Recruiting | 60 RAS status assessment |
|
NCT03992456 USA | Phase II Recruiting | 120 Guardant360 assay |
|
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Hewitt, D.B.; Brown, Z.J.; Pawlik, T.M. The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases. Cancers 2022, 14, 4602. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194602
Hewitt DB, Brown ZJ, Pawlik TM. The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases. Cancers. 2022; 14(19):4602. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194602
Chicago/Turabian StyleHewitt, Daniel Brock, Zachary J. Brown, and Timothy M. Pawlik. 2022. "The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases" Cancers 14, no. 19: 4602. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194602
APA StyleHewitt, D. B., Brown, Z. J., & Pawlik, T. M. (2022). The Role of Biomarkers in the Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases. Cancers, 14(19), 4602. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194602