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Volume 10
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10.3390/cancers10120463
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Article

Loss of Myeloid-Specific TGF-β Signaling Decreases CTHRC1 to Downregulate bFGF and the Development of H1993-Induced Osteolytic Bone Lesions

by
Sourik S. Ganguly
1,
Paul G. Daft
1,
Jingchen Cao
1,
Xiangqi Meng
1,
Zhendong A. Zhong
1,
Alexandra Vander Ark
1,
Austin Meadows
1,
Zach Madaj
2,
Bart Williams
1 and
Xiaohong Li
1,*
1
Program for Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
2
Bioinformatics & biostatistics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2018, 10(12), 463; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120463
Submission received: 23 October 2018 / Revised: 5 November 2018 / Accepted: 21 November 2018 / Published: 22 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Targeting Bone Metastasis in Cancer)
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Abstract

The role of myeloid cell-specific TGF-β signaling in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-induced osteolytic bone lesion development is unknown. We used a genetically engineered mouse model, Tgfbr2LysMCre knockout (KO), which has a loss of TGF-β signaling specifically in myeloid lineage cells, and we found that the area of H1993 cell-induced osteolytic bone lesions was decreased in Tgfbr2LysMCre KO mice, relative to the area in control littermates. The bone lesion areas were correlated with tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis in the microenvironment. The smaller bone lesion area was partially rescued by bFGF, which was expressed by osteoblasts. Interestingly, bFGF was able to rescue the osteoclastogenesis, but not the tumor cell proliferation or angiogenesis. We then focused on identifying osteoclast factors that regulate bFGF expression in osteoblasts. We found that the expression and secretion of CTHRC1 was downregulated in osteoclasts from Tgfbr2LysMCre KO mice; CTHRC1 was able to promote bFGF expression in osteoblasts, possibly through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Functionally, bFGF stimulated osteoclastogenesis and inhibited osteoblastogenesis, but had no effect on H1993 cell proliferation. On the other hand, CTHRC1 promoted osteoblastogenesis and H1993 cell proliferation. Together, our data show that myeloid-specific TGF-β signaling promoted osteolytic bone lesion development and bFGF expression in osteoblasts; that osteoclast-secreted CTHRC1 stimulated bFGF expression in osteoblasts in a paracrine manner; and that CTHRC1 and bFGF had different cell-specific functions that contributed to bone lesion development.
Keywords: TGF-β signaling; TGFBR2; bFGF; CTHRC1; Wnt/β-catenin; NSCLC bone metastasis; myeloid lineage cells; osteoclasts; osteoblasts TGF-β signaling; TGFBR2; bFGF; CTHRC1; Wnt/β-catenin; NSCLC bone metastasis; myeloid lineage cells; osteoclasts; osteoblasts

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ganguly, S.S.; Daft, P.G.; Cao, J.; Meng, X.; Zhong, Z.A.; Vander Ark, A.; Meadows, A.; Madaj, Z.; Williams, B.; Li, X. Loss of Myeloid-Specific TGF-β Signaling Decreases CTHRC1 to Downregulate bFGF and the Development of H1993-Induced Osteolytic Bone Lesions. Cancers 2018, 10, 463. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120463

AMA Style

Ganguly SS, Daft PG, Cao J, Meng X, Zhong ZA, Vander Ark A, Meadows A, Madaj Z, Williams B, Li X. Loss of Myeloid-Specific TGF-β Signaling Decreases CTHRC1 to Downregulate bFGF and the Development of H1993-Induced Osteolytic Bone Lesions. Cancers. 2018; 10(12):463. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120463

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ganguly, Sourik S., Paul G. Daft, Jingchen Cao, Xiangqi Meng, Zhendong A. Zhong, Alexandra Vander Ark, Austin Meadows, Zach Madaj, Bart Williams, and Xiaohong Li. 2018. "Loss of Myeloid-Specific TGF-β Signaling Decreases CTHRC1 to Downregulate bFGF and the Development of H1993-Induced Osteolytic Bone Lesions" Cancers 10, no. 12: 463. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120463

APA Style

Ganguly, S. S., Daft, P. G., Cao, J., Meng, X., Zhong, Z. A., Vander Ark, A., Meadows, A., Madaj, Z., Williams, B., & Li, X. (2018). Loss of Myeloid-Specific TGF-β Signaling Decreases CTHRC1 to Downregulate bFGF and the Development of H1993-Induced Osteolytic Bone Lesions. Cancers, 10(12), 463. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10120463

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