Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment
1
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6100, Australia
2
Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6100, Australia
3
Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth 6150, Australia
4
School of Medicine, Curtin University, Perth 6100, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2018, 10(10), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100380
Received: 11 September 2018
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Revised: 4 October 2018
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Accepted: 7 October 2018
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Published: 11 October 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Thrombosis and Haemostasis in Cancer)
Cancer-associated thrombosis is a major cause of mortality in cancer patients, the most common type being venous thromboembolism (VTE). Several risk factors for developing VTE also coexist with cancer patients, such as chemotherapy and immobilisation, contributing to the increased risk cancer patients have of developing VTE compared with non-cancer patients. Cancer cells are capable of activating the coagulation cascade and other prothrombotic properties of host cells, and many anticancer treatments themselves are being described as additional mechanisms for promoting VTE. This review will give an overview of the main thrombotic complications in cancer patients and outline the risk factors for cancer patients developing cancer-associated thrombosis, focusing on VTE as it is the most common complication observed in cancer patients. The multiple mechanisms involved in cancer-associated thrombosis, including the role of anticancer drugs, and a brief outline of the current treatment for cancer-associated thrombosis will also be discussed.
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Keywords:
venous thromboembolism; thrombosis; cancer
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MDPI and ACS Style
Abdol Razak, N.B.; Jones, G.; Bhandari, M.; Berndt, M.C.; Metharom, P. Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment. Cancers 2018, 10, 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100380
AMA Style
Abdol Razak NB, Jones G, Bhandari M, Berndt MC, Metharom P. Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment. Cancers. 2018; 10(10):380. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100380
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdol Razak, Norbaini B., Gabrielle Jones, Mayank Bhandari, Michael C. Berndt, and Pat Metharom. 2018. "Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment" Cancers 10, no. 10: 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10100380
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