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Micromachines
Volume 16
Issue 8
10.3390/mi16080895
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Article

Numerical Analysis of Microfluidic Motors Actuated by Reconfigurable Induced-Charge Electro-Osmotic Whirling Flow

by
Jishun Shi
1,2,
Zhipeng Song
1,2,
Xiaoming Chen
1,2,*,
Ziang Bai
1,2,
Jialin Yu
1,2,
Qihang Ye
1,2,
Zipeng Yang
1,2,
Jianru Qiao
1,2,
Shuhua Ma
1,2 and
Kailiang Zhang
3,*
1
School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
2
Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
3
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Micromachines 2025, 16(8), 895; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080895
Submission received: 11 July 2025 / Revised: 26 July 2025 / Accepted: 29 July 2025 / Published: 31 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development of Micro/Nanofluidic Devices, 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

The detection of proteins plays a key role in disease diagnosis and drug development. For this, we numerically investigated a novel microfluidic motor actuated by an induced-charge electro-osmotic (ICEO) whirling flow. An alternating current–flow field effect transistor is engineered to modulate the profiles of ICEO streaming to stimulate and adjust the whirling flow in the circle microfluidic chamber. Based on this, we studied the distribution of an ICEO whirling flow in the detection chamber by tuning the fixed potential on the gate electrodes by the simulations. Then, we established a fluid–structure interaction model to explore the influence of blade structure parameters on the rotation performance of microfluidic motors. In addition, we investigated the rotation dependence of microfluidic motors on the potential drop between two driving electrodes and fixed potential on the gate electrodes. Next, we numerically explored the capability of these microfluidic motors for the detection of low-abundance proteins. Finally, we studied the regulating effect of potential drops between the driving electrodes on the detection performance of microfluidic motors by numerical simulations. Microfluidic motors actuated by an ICEO whirling flow hold good potential in environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis for the outstanding advantages of flexible controllability, a simple structure, and gentle work condition.
Keywords: induced-charge electro-osmosis; microfluidic motors; protein detection; whirling flow induced-charge electro-osmosis; microfluidic motors; protein detection; whirling flow

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shi, J.; Song, Z.; Chen, X.; Bai, Z.; Yu, J.; Ye, Q.; Yang, Z.; Qiao, J.; Ma, S.; Zhang, K. Numerical Analysis of Microfluidic Motors Actuated by Reconfigurable Induced-Charge Electro-Osmotic Whirling Flow. Micromachines 2025, 16, 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080895

AMA Style

Shi J, Song Z, Chen X, Bai Z, Yu J, Ye Q, Yang Z, Qiao J, Ma S, Zhang K. Numerical Analysis of Microfluidic Motors Actuated by Reconfigurable Induced-Charge Electro-Osmotic Whirling Flow. Micromachines. 2025; 16(8):895. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080895

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shi, Jishun, Zhipeng Song, Xiaoming Chen, Ziang Bai, Jialin Yu, Qihang Ye, Zipeng Yang, Jianru Qiao, Shuhua Ma, and Kailiang Zhang. 2025. "Numerical Analysis of Microfluidic Motors Actuated by Reconfigurable Induced-Charge Electro-Osmotic Whirling Flow" Micromachines 16, no. 8: 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080895

APA Style

Shi, J., Song, Z., Chen, X., Bai, Z., Yu, J., Ye, Q., Yang, Z., Qiao, J., Ma, S., & Zhang, K. (2025). Numerical Analysis of Microfluidic Motors Actuated by Reconfigurable Induced-Charge Electro-Osmotic Whirling Flow. Micromachines, 16(8), 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16080895

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