A Microfluidic Deformability Assessment of Pathological Red Blood Cells Flowing in a Hyperbolic Converging Microchannel
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Microfluidic Device, Experimental Setup and Parameters
2.3. Working Fluids
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
4. Limitations and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Main Experimental Parameters | |
---|---|
Maximum width of the microchannel | 400 µm |
Minimum width of the microchannel | 20 µm |
Total length of the contraction region | 382 µm |
Depth of the microchannel | 50 µm |
Flow rate (syringe of 1 mL) | 3 µL/min |
Average shear rate | 1750 s−1 |
Shear viscosity of the Dextran 40 | 4.5 × 10−3 Pa·s |
Density of the Dextran 40 | 1046 kg/m3 |
Haematocrit of the working fluid | 1% |
Temperature of the working fluid | 22 °C |
Magnification (M) | 40× |
Numerical Aperture (NA) | 0.75 |
Frame rate | 3000 frames/s |
Exposure time | 1/75,000 s |
Blood Samples | Contraction Region DR | Expansion Region DR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Average | SD | Average | SD | |
ESKD1 | 3.03 | 0.34 | 1.12 | 0.08 |
ESKD2 | 2.79 | 0.36 | 1.10 | 0.09 |
ESKD3 | 2.86 | 0.26 | 1.13 | 0.06 |
ESKD4 | 3.11 | 0.25 | 1.14 | 0.08 |
ESKD5 | 3.03 | 0.39 | 1.12 | 0.06 |
ESKD6 | 3.15 | 0.37 | 1.15 | 0.07 |
ESKD7 | 2.89 | 0.31 | 1.15 | 0.08 |
ESKD8 | 2.93 | 0.26 | 1.16 | 0.05 |
ESKD9 | 2.94 | 0.35 | 1.13 | 0.10 |
ESKD10 | 3.02 | 0.24 | 1.10 | 0.05 |
ESKD11 | 2.96 | 0.32 | 1.14 | 0.06 |
ESKD12 | 3.17 | 0.35 | 1.13 | 0.08 |
ESKDD1 | 2.78 | 0.25 | 1.12 | 0.05 |
ESKDD2 | 2.60 | 0.27 | 1.13 | 0.07 |
ESKDD3 | 3.01 | 0.32 | 1.15 | 0.05 |
ESKDD4 | 3.02 | 0.32 | 1.13 | 0.08 |
ESKDD5 | 2.72 | 0.37 | 1.14 | 0.07 |
ESKDD6 | 2.74 | 0.28 | 1.16 | 0.08 |
ESKDD7 | 2.69 | 0.34 | 1.14 | 0.08 |
ESKDD8 | 2.81 | 0.43 | 1.11 | 0.06 |
C1 | 2.99 | 0.21 | 1.14 | 0.07 |
C2 | 3.12 | 0.23 | 1.13 | 0.06 |
C3 | 3.28 | 0.22 | 1.13 | 0.10 |
C4 | 3.23 | 0.27 | 1.12 | 0.06 |
C5 | 3.24 | 0.31 | 1.15 | 0.07 |
C6 | 3.07 | 0.30 | 1.14 | 0.07 |
C7 | 3.27 | 0.27 | 1.15 | 0.06 |
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Faustino, V.; Rodrigues, R.O.; Pinho, D.; Costa, E.; Santos-Silva, A.; Miranda, V.; Amaral, J.S.; Lima, R. A Microfluidic Deformability Assessment of Pathological Red Blood Cells Flowing in a Hyperbolic Converging Microchannel. Micromachines 2019, 10, 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10100645
Faustino V, Rodrigues RO, Pinho D, Costa E, Santos-Silva A, Miranda V, Amaral JS, Lima R. A Microfluidic Deformability Assessment of Pathological Red Blood Cells Flowing in a Hyperbolic Converging Microchannel. Micromachines. 2019; 10(10):645. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10100645
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaustino, Vera, Raquel O. Rodrigues, Diana Pinho, Elísio Costa, Alice Santos-Silva, Vasco Miranda, Joana S. Amaral, and Rui Lima. 2019. "A Microfluidic Deformability Assessment of Pathological Red Blood Cells Flowing in a Hyperbolic Converging Microchannel" Micromachines 10, no. 10: 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10100645