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Article

Short-Term Effects of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation on Hepatic and Renal Transcriptomic Alterations Induced by Ochratoxin a in Broiler Chickens

by
Benjamin Kövesi
1,2,*,
Szabina Kulcsár
1,2,
Zsolt Ancsin
1,
Márta Erdélyi
1,
Erika Zándoki
1,
Márk Tóth
1,
Patrik Gömbös
3,
Ágnes Freiler-Nagy
4,
Krisztián Balogh
1,2 and
Miklós Mézes
1,2,*
1
Department of Feed Safety, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent István Campus, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
2
HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
3
Agrobiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
4
Department of Animal Hygiene, Herd Health and Mobile Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toxins 2025, 17(9), 460; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17090460
Submission received: 11 August 2025 / Revised: 31 August 2025 / Accepted: 10 September 2025 / Published: 12 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxins—Biomonitoring and Exposure)
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Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin commonly found in poultry feed, induces oxidative stress and disrupts redox homeostasis in vital organs such as the liver and kidneys. Selenium (Se), an essential trace element, may mitigate OTA-induced toxicity by supporting the antioxidant defense systems. This study investigated the short-term effects of dietary selenomethionine (SeMet) supplementation on OTA-induced oxidative and transcriptional responses in broiler chickens. Fifty-four 3-week-old birds were fed diets containing 2 mg/kg OTA, a target supplementation of 0.5 mg/kg Se (measured as 0.59 mg/kg as SeMet), or a combination of the two for five days. Liver and kidney samples were collected on Days 1 and 5 for biochemical and gene expression analyses. Exposure to OTA significantly modulated the expression of redox-sensitive transcription factors (NRF2, KEAP1), selenoproteins (GPX3, GPX4, SELK), and detoxification-related genes (AHR, AHRR, CYP1A2). SeMet alone enhanced selenoenzyme expression and antioxidant capacity, while co-exposure partially attenuated OTA-induced oxidative stress, resulting in more pronounced NRF2 activation in the kidneys and CYP1A2 induction in the liver. This is the first study to characterize the transcriptomic responses to OTA exposure in poultry within the first five days, providing novel insight into organ-specific mechanisms and emphasizing the epidemiological relevance of Se supplementation in mitigating the risk of feed contamination.
Keywords: ochratoxin A; selenomethionine; oxidative stress; glutathione redox system; aryl hydrocarbon receptor ochratoxin A; selenomethionine; oxidative stress; glutathione redox system; aryl hydrocarbon receptor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kövesi, B.; Kulcsár, S.; Ancsin, Z.; Erdélyi, M.; Zándoki, E.; Tóth, M.; Gömbös, P.; Freiler-Nagy, Á.; Balogh, K.; Mézes, M. Short-Term Effects of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation on Hepatic and Renal Transcriptomic Alterations Induced by Ochratoxin a in Broiler Chickens. Toxins 2025, 17, 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17090460

AMA Style

Kövesi B, Kulcsár S, Ancsin Z, Erdélyi M, Zándoki E, Tóth M, Gömbös P, Freiler-Nagy Á, Balogh K, Mézes M. Short-Term Effects of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation on Hepatic and Renal Transcriptomic Alterations Induced by Ochratoxin a in Broiler Chickens. Toxins. 2025; 17(9):460. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17090460

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kövesi, Benjamin, Szabina Kulcsár, Zsolt Ancsin, Márta Erdélyi, Erika Zándoki, Márk Tóth, Patrik Gömbös, Ágnes Freiler-Nagy, Krisztián Balogh, and Miklós Mézes. 2025. "Short-Term Effects of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation on Hepatic and Renal Transcriptomic Alterations Induced by Ochratoxin a in Broiler Chickens" Toxins 17, no. 9: 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17090460

APA Style

Kövesi, B., Kulcsár, S., Ancsin, Z., Erdélyi, M., Zándoki, E., Tóth, M., Gömbös, P., Freiler-Nagy, Á., Balogh, K., & Mézes, M. (2025). Short-Term Effects of Dietary Selenomethionine Supplementation on Hepatic and Renal Transcriptomic Alterations Induced by Ochratoxin a in Broiler Chickens. Toxins, 17(9), 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17090460

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