Reduction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat with Superheated Steam and Its Effects on Wheat Quality
National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Toxins 2019, 11(7), 414; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11070414
Received: 16 May 2019 / Revised: 12 July 2019 / Accepted: 15 July 2019 / Published: 16 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Approaches to Minimising Mycotoxin Contamination)
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most commonly found mycotoxin in scabbed wheat. In order to reduce the DON concentration in scabbed wheat with superheated steam (SS) and explore the feasibility to use the processed wheat as crisp biscuit materials, wheat kernels were treated with SS to study the effects of SS processing on DON concentration and the quality of wheat. Furthermore, the wheat treated with SS were used to make crisp biscuits and the texture qualities of biscuits were measured. The results showed that DON in wheat kernels could be reduced by SS effectively. Besides, the reduction rate raised significantly with the increase of steam temperature and processing time and it was also affected significantly by steam velocity. The reduction rate in wheat kernels and wheat flour could reach 77.4% and 60.5% respectively. In addition, SS processing might lead to partial denaturation of protein and partial gelatinization of starch, thus affecting the rheological properties of dough and pasting properties of wheat flour. Furthermore, the qualities of crisp biscuits were improved at certain conditions of SS processing.
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Keywords:
deoxynivalenol; wheat; superheated steam; wheat quality; crisp biscuit
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MDPI and ACS Style
Liu, Y.; Li, M.; Bian, K.; Guan, E.; Liu, Y.; Lu, Y. Reduction of Deoxynivalenol in Wheat with Superheated Steam and Its Effects on Wheat Quality. Toxins 2019, 11, 414.
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