Effect of Two Different Multimicronutrient Supplements on Vitamin D Status in Women of Childbearing Age: A Randomized Trial
Stefan Pilz 1
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
2
Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University of Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
3
BioTeSys GmbH, Schelztorstrasse 54-56, 73728 Esslingen, Germany
4
Department of Mathematics, Natural and Economic Sciences, University of Applied Science Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081 Ulm, Germany
5
Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Aarhus, Hoegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, Building 1632, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2017, 9(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9010030
Received: 18 November 2016 / Revised: 12 December 2016 / Accepted: 23 December 2016 / Published: 4 January 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D: Current Issues and New Perspectives)
The German Nutrition Society raised in 2012 the recommended daily vitamin D intake from 200 to 800 international units (IU) to achieve 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels of at least 50 nmol/L, even when endogenous vitamin D synthesis is minimal such as in winter. We aimed to evaluate this recommendation in women of childbearing age. This is a single-center, randomized, open trial conducted from 8 January to 9 May 2016 in Esslingen, Germany. We randomized 201 apparently healthy women to receive for 8 weeks a daily multimicronutrient supplement containing either 200 IU (n = 100) or 800 IU vitamin D3 (n = 101). Primary outcome measure was serum 25(OH)D. 196 participants completed the trial. Increases in 25(OH)D (median with interquartile range) from baseline to study end were 13.2 (5.9 to 20.7) nmol/L in the 200 IU group, and 35.8 (18.2 to 52.8) nmol/L in the 800 IU group (p < 0.001 for the between group difference). At study end, levels of ≥50 nmol/L were present in 70.4% of the 200 IU group and in 99% of the 800 IU group. Participants on hormonal contraceptives had higher baseline levels and a stronger increase in 25(OH)D. In conclusion, daily supplementation of 800 IU vitamin D3 during wintertime in Germany is sufficient to achieve a 25(OH)D level of at least 50 nmol/L in almost all women of childbearing age, whereas 200 IU are insufficient.
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Keywords:
randomized controlled trial; vitamin D; supplementation; multimicronutrient; women; 25(OH)D
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MDPI and ACS Style
Pilz, S.; Hahn, A.; Schön, C.; Wilhelm, M.; Obeid, R. Effect of Two Different Multimicronutrient Supplements on Vitamin D Status in Women of Childbearing Age: A Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2017, 9, 30.
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